<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0609</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2026-10-02</periodOfReport>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001762506</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Vista Energy, S.A.B. de C.V.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>VIST</issuerTradingSymbol>
        <issuerForeignTradingSymbol>BMV: VISTA</issuerForeignTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001703610</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Galuccio Miguel Matias</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerNonUSAddressFlag>true</rptOwnerNonUSAddressFlag>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>AVENIDA PASEO DE LA REFORMA 243,</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>FLOOR 18</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>MEXICO CITY</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerNonUSStateTerritory></rptOwnerNonUSStateTerritory>
            <rptOwnerCountry>O5</rptOwnerCountry>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>06500</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription>MEXICO</rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>false</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>true</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>false</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>false</isOther>
            <officerTitle>Chief Executive Officer</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <aff10b5One>false</aff10b5One>

    <derivativeTable>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Employee Stock Options (Right to Buy)</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>17.83</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2026-10-02</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>D</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>false</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>305895</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>57.57</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2033-02-23</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Series A Shares / American Depositary Shares</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>305895</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>0</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeTransaction>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Stock options vested and exercisable through the date indicated under &quot;Expiration Date.&quot;</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">The options were canceled by the company.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Miguel Matias Galuccio</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2026-10-05</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
