• |
The Fund has no operating history. There is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares. Thus, an investment in the Fund may not be suitable for investors who may need the money they invest in a specified timeframe. |
• |
Unlike an investor in some closed-end funds, a shareholder should not expect to be able to sell its Shares regardless of how the Fund performs. An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid. |
• |
Unlike some closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (expected to be 5% of the Fund’s Shares outstanding per quarter). As such, an investor’s ability to redeem his or her interest in the Fund may be significantly limited. |
• |
The Fund may pay distributions in significant part from sources that may not be available in the future and that are unrelated to the Fund’s performance, such as from offering proceeds, borrowings, and amounts from the Fund’s affiliates that are subject to repayment by investors. |
• |
The amount of distributions that the Fund may pay, if any, is uncertain. |
• |
An investor in Class A Shares will pay a sales load of up to 5.25% and offering expenses of up to 0.35% on the amounts it invests. Class Z Shares are not sold subject to a sales load, and an investor in Class Z shares will pay offering expenses of up to 0.35% on the amount it invests. If you pay the maximum aggregate of 5.60% or 0.35% for Class A Shares and Class Z Shares, respectively, based on a minimum investment of $1,000 and $500,000, respectively, you must experience a total return on your net investment of 5.93% and 0.35%, respectively, in order to recover these expenses. |
• |
The Fund invests in private companies that may be considered highly speculative. As a result, investment in Shares of the Fund involves substantial risks including risks associated with uncertainty regarding the valuations of private company investments, high rate of failure among the early-stage companies, and restricted liquidity in securities of such companies. |
Per Class A Share |
Per Class Z Share | |||||
Price to Public |
Current NAV | Current NAV | ||||
Sales Load (1) |
5.25% | None | ||||
Proceeds to Fund Before Expenses (2) |
Current NAV less applicable sales load | Current NAV |
| 1 | ||||
| 19 | ||||
| 21 | ||||
| 21 | ||||
| 21 | ||||
| 21 | ||||
| 24 | ||||
| 37 | ||||
| 39 | ||||
| 40 | ||||
| 40 | ||||
| 43 | ||||
| 45 | ||||
| 47 | ||||
| 48 | ||||
| 49 | ||||
| 64 | ||||
| 65 | ||||
| 66 | ||||
| 66 | ||||
| 66 | ||||
| 67 | ||||
THE FUND |
The Fund is a newly-organized Delaware statutory trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund intends to operate as an “interval fund” (as defined below).This Prospectus applies to the offering of two separate classes of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund (“Shares”), designated as Class A and Class Z Shares. Each class of Shares will be subject to different fees and expenses. The Fund may offer additional classes of Shares in the future. | |
THE MANAGER |
Fred Alger Management, LLC (“FAM” or the “Manager”) serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. FAM is registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. | |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE |
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by a vote of the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”), without shareholder approval.Other policies and investment strategies may also be changed without a shareholder vote. Fundamental investment restrictions contained in the SAI may not be changed without shareholder approval. | |
| INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES | The Fund will invest under normal circumstances, primarily in domestic and foreign equity securities of companies that are relevant to the Fund’s investment theme of innovation and Positive Dynamic Change (“Next Gen Growth Companies”). The Manager believes companies undergoing Positive Dynamic Change offer the best opportunities. Positive Dynamic Change refers to companies realizing High Unit Volume Growth or companies undergoing Positive Lifecycle Change. High Unit Volume Growth companies are traditional growth companies experiencing, for example, rapidly growing demand or market dominance. Positive Lifecycle Change companies are, for example, companies benefitting from new regulations, a new product innovation or new management. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in growth companies that are within the Fund’s theme of investing in Next Gen Growth Companies. For these purposes, “growth companies” are companies the Manager believes have above average growth potential. The Manager considers a number of factors in determining a company’s growth potential, such as whether the company is included in a third-party growth benchmark or classified as a growth company by a third-party vendor, if the company’s projected earnings per share growth, sales growth per share or free cash flow growth or its trailing earnings per share growth is above the equity market median, if the company’s research and development expenses exceed sales, general and administrative expenses, or if the company is raising capital to grow, fund or | |
expand its business. A company’s growth potential can be determined under any of these factors. The Fund will invest in Next Gen Growth Companies that are operating and investing in the technology, media and telecommunications sectors and/or other sectors disrupted by innovation, including, but not limited to the energy, healthcare, life science, consumer and retail, mobile internet, digital entertainment and ecommerce, cloud computing, machine learning, artificial intelligence (“AI”), transportation, semiconductors, robotics, logistics and infrastructure, defense and financial services sectors. In effecting the Fund’s investment strategy, the Manager initially employs its fundamental, proprietary investment research investment process to identify companies undergoing Positive Dynamic Change. Under normal circumstances, substantially all of the Fund’s assets will be invested in equity securities, including common stocks, partnership interests, business trust shares (which are beneficial ownership interests of trusts organized for investment purposes that are not registered under federal securities laws), other equity investments or ownership interests in business enterprises and pooled investment vehicles, including venture capital funds, that would be investment companies but for Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act, and preferred stock or debt obligations that are convertible into equity securities. The Fund’s investments will include early- to late-stage private companies and micro-, small-, medium- and large-capitalization public companies. Additionally, the Fund may also invest in private credit instruments such as direct debt and other yield-oriented investments including debt issued by private companies (which may include loans and debt securities of private equity-backed companies), bonds and fixed income securities of various types, and convertible securities issued by U.S. and foreign companies. Convertible securities may include corporate bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks, and any other securities that can be exchanged for equity securities or provide an opportunity for equity participation. The Fund intends to invest in privately-offered securities through direct investments in private Next Gen Growth Companies or through secondary transactions ( i.e. |
the Publicly-Traded Sleeve could comprise a majority of the portfolio during the first three years (or longer) of the Fund’s operations, as the Fund builds the Private Sleeve of the portfolio. In addition to making direct investments in the equity and/or debt of private companies, including investments alongside private equity firms, the Fund may gain access to assets in the Private Sleeve through (i) secondary purchases of interests in private equity and other private asset funds managed by unaffiliated asset managers (“Portfolio Funds”), including through privately negotiated transactions, from investors in a Portfolio Fund or directly from the Portfolio Fund (“Secondary Investments”) or (ii) primary investments in Portfolio Funds (“Primary Investments”). The Fund expects to invest principally in Secondary Investments and, to a lesser degree, in Primary Investments, although the allocation among those types of investments may vary from time to time. Traditional Secondary Investments generally will include purchases by the Fund of interests in Portfolio Funds, typically after the end of the Portfolio Fund’s fundraising period (generally three to seven years into the Portfolio Fund’s operating history), with existing underlying portfolio companies. These Portfolio Funds have generally drawn down substantially all of their capital commitments depending on age and investment cycle stage. Sales of Portfolio Fund interests are often driven by an investor’s need for liquidity or active approach in managing their private fund portfolio. Traditional Secondary Investments typically will be acquired by the Fund in privately negotiated transactions, with a Portfolio Fund’s limited partner or, at times, with the Portfolio Fund’s general partner, as there is no established market for such investments. The Fund may also invest in Secondary Investment transactions that are being led by a Portfolio Fund’s general partner, including end-of life transactions, which seek to partner potential buyers, such as the Fund, with Portfolio Fund managers to provide liquidity solutions to the limited partners in a Portfolio Fund. These Secondary Investments often involve existing investors in a Portfolio Fund being given the option to sell all or a portion of their Portfolio Fund interests to the Fund during a binding election period. Investors in a Portfolio Fund generally are given the option to sell their interests or roll into a newly-formed Portfolio Fund on new terms.The Fund may invest in foreign securities (including investments in American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”)) and securities listed on local foreign exchanges. The Fund may invest directly or through wholly owned subsidiaries of the Fund (“Subsidiaries”) that primarily engage in investment activities in securities or other assets. Certain investments may be held by these Subsidiaries to help effectuate the investment program of the Fund and while such Subsidiaries will not be registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund will wholly own and control any Subsidiaries. The Fund will comply with the provisions of (i) Section 8 of the 1940 Act governing investment policies on an aggregate basis, and (ii) Section 18 of the 1940 Act governing capital structure and leverage on an aggregate basis with respect each Subsidiary. Subsidiaries will also comply with the provisions of Section 17 of the 1940 Act, or exemptive relief therefrom, related to affiliated transactions and custody. It is not anticipated that any Subsidiary to the Fund will have an investment adviser, but any investment adviser to a Subsidiary will comply with provisions of the 1940 Act relating to investment advisory contracts. Any Subsidiary of the Fund will be formed for the purpose of effectuating the Fund’s investment program, such as holding portfolio investments in order to minimize any adverse impact on the Fund (e.g., impact to the Fund’s tax obligations or RIC status) or to facilitate |
financing by the Fund in compliance with Section 18, as noted above. Subsidiaries will not have their own investment strategies or corresponding risks. The Fund will be concentrated (i.e., more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets) in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in groups of industries in the information technology sector. The Fund will be classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the 1940 Act, which means that it may invest a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers and may invest a larger proportion of its assets in a single issuer.The Fund is permitted to change its 80% policy without a shareholder vote, provided the Fund conducts a repurchase offer prior to the change, the Fund provides at least 60 days’ prior notice of any change in the policy in advance of the offer, the offer is not oversubscribed and the Fund purchases shares at their net asset value. | ||
LEVERAGE; BORROWING |
The Fund may use leverage to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. The Fund will be permitted to obtain leverage using any form or combination of financial leverage instruments, including through funds borrowed from banks or other financial institutions (e.g., a credit facility), margin facilities, or the issuance of notes in an aggregate amount up to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets, including any assets purchased with borrowed money, immediately after giving effect to the leverage. The Fund may also use leverage generated by reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and similar transactions. The Fund intends to utilize leverage for investment purposes, may use leverage to meet redemption requests, may use leverage opportunistically, and may use different types, combinations or amounts of leverage over time, based on the Manager’s views concerning market conditions and investment opportunities. The Fund’s strategies relating to its use of leverage may not be successful, and the Fund’s use of leverage may cause the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) to be more volatile than it would otherwise be. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will leverage its assets or, to the extent the Fund does use leverage, the percentage of its total assets such leverage will represent. Money borrowed for leveraging will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased; in certain cases, interest costs may exceed the return received on the securities purchased. The Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies—Leverage.” | |
BOARD OF TRUSTEES |
The Board has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees are not “interested persons,” as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Fund (“Independent Trustees”). See “Management of the Fund.” | |
DISTRIBUTOR |
Fred Alger & Company, LLC, located at 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10004 (the “Distributor”) serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and will act as the distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Distributor will not be required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares. | |
The Fund’s Shares will be primarily offered and distributed by the Distributor and its associated persons through investment platforms and financial intermediaries. Those platforms and intermediaries may enter into selling agreements with the Distributor to purchase Shares in the Fund on behalf of their clients. Such selling agents or other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on shareholder accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this Prospectus. The Manager, Distributor and/or their affiliates, in their discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation out of their own resources ( i.e. | ||
SHARE CLASSES |
The Fund currently offers two separate classes of Shares, designated as Class A Shares and Class Z Shares. Each class of Shares is subject to certain different fees and expenses. The Fund may offer additional classes of Shares in the future. | |
MINIMUM INVESTMENTS |
With respect to Class Z Shares, the minimum initial investment will be $500,000, which may be waived in certain circumstances; subsequent investments may be made in any amount. With respect to Class A Shares, the minimum initial and subsequent investments, which may be waived in certain circumstances, will be as follows: | |
Type of Account |
Initial Investment |
Subsequent Investment | ||||||
Regular account |
$1,000 |
$50 | ||||||
Retirement Accounts (including IRAs) |
$500 |
$50 | ||||||
Asset-based Fee Program Accounts |
$250 |
$50 |
The minimum initial and additional investments may be reduced by the Fund in the Fund’s discretion for certain investors based on consideration of various factors, including the investor’s overall relationship with the Manager, the investor’s holdings in other funds affiliated with the Manager, and such other matters as the Manager may consider relevant at the time, though Shares will only be sold to investors that satisfy the Fund’s eligibility requirements. The minimum initial and additional investments may also be reduced by the Fund, in its discretion, for clients of certain registered investment advisers, broker dealers and other financial intermediaries based on the consideration of various factors, including but not limited to the registered investment adviser or other financial intermediaries’ overall relationship with the Manager, the type of distribution channels offered by the intermediary and such other factors as the Manager may consider relevant at the time. In addition, the Fund may, in the discretion of the Manager, aggregate the accounts of clients of registered investment advisers, broker dealers and other financial intermediaries whose clients invest in the Fund for purposes of determining satisfaction of minimum investment amounts. At the discretion of the Manager, the Fund may also aggregate the accounts of clients of certain registered investment advisers, broker dealers and other financial intermediaries across Share classes for purposes of determining satisfaction of minimum investment amounts for a specific Share class. The aggregation of accounts of clients of registered investment |
advisers, broker dealers and other financial intermediaries for purposes of determining satisfaction of minimum investment amounts for the Fund or for a specific Share class may be based on consideration of various factors, including the registered investment adviser or other financial intermediaries’ overall relationship with the Manager, the type of distribution channels offered by the intermediary and such other factors as the Manager may consider relevant at the time. | ||
PURCHASING SHARES |
The Fund’s Shares are offered on a daily basis based on the NAV per Share as of the date such Shares are purchased. Each class of Shares has differing characteristics, particularly in terms of the sales loads that shareholders in that class may bear, and the Distribution and Servicing Fee (as defined below) that each class may be charged. Investors in Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 5.25% of the subscription amount. Class Z Shares are not subject to a sales load; however, investors purchasing Shares through a financial intermediary could be required to pay transaction or other fees on purchases and sales of Shares to their financial intermediary in such amounts as their financial intermediary may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to an investor’s investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their financial intermediary about the sales load and any additional fees or charges their financial intermediary might impose on each class of Shares. Class A Shares of the Fund may be converted for Class Z Shares of the Fund if the investor and the relevant financial intermediary satisfies any then-applicable eligibility requirements for investment in Class Z Shares. Any such conversion will be effected at NAV without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charges by the Fund. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 40 for purchase instructions and additional information. | |
| UNLISTED CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE; SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM |
The Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike some closed-end funds which list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. The Shares have no public history of trading. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in some closed-end funds, is not a liquid investment.To provide some liquidity to shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund,” a type of fund which makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases are expected to occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer | |
Notice”) will be sent to shareholders at least 21 and not more than 42 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e., the date by which shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline, but it will in any case be calculated no later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to shareholders between one and three business days after the Repurchase Pricing Date but it will in any case distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares will be appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks—Risks Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments—Repurchase Program Risk.” A shareholder who tenders some but not all of its Shares for repurchase will be required to maintain a minimum account balance of $1,000 worth of Shares. Such minimum ownership requirement may be waived by the Fund, in its sole discretion. In the event that a shareholder fails to maintain the foregoing minimum account balance, the Fund reserves the right to repurchase all of the Shares held by such shareholder, subject in all cases to the applicable requirements of Rule 23c-3. The repurchase price payable in respect of Shares repurchased on account of such failure will be determined in the same manner as Shares repurchased pursuant to the Fund’s quarterly repurchase offers. | ||
DISTRIBUTIONS |
The Fund intends to make distributions on an annual basis in aggregate amounts representing substantially all of the Fund’s investment company taxable income (including realized short-term capital gains), if any, earned during the year. Distributions may also include net capital gains, if any. See “ Distributions. ” Because the Fund intends to qualify annually as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the Fund intends to distribute at least 90% of its annual investment company taxable income to its shareholders on an annual basis. Distributions may also include net capital gains, if any. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that the Fund will pay distributions to shareholders at any particular rate. Each year, a statement on Internal Revenue Service Form 1099-DIV identifying the amount and character of the Fund’s distributions will be mailed to shareholders. See “Taxes, RIC Status” below and “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” | |
FEES AND EXPENSES |
On an ongoing basis, the Fund bears its own operating expenses (including, without limitation, its offering expenses). A more detailed discussion of the Fund’s expenses can be found below under “Management Fees,” “Expense Limitation Agreement,” and “Distribution and Servicing Fee.” | |
MANAGEMENT FEES |
Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Fund and the Manager, in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Manager to the Fund, the Manager will be entitled to a management fee (the “Management Fee”). The Management Fee will be calculated and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Net Assets. “Net Assets” means the total assets of the Fund minus the Fund’s liabilities. | |
| EXPENSE LIMITATION AGREEMENT | Pursuant to an expense limitation agreement between the Fund and the Manager (the “Expense Limitation Agreement”), the Manager has agreed to waive fees that it would otherwise be paid, and/or to assume expenses of the Fund, if required to ensure that annual operating expenses (excluding (i) Management Fees; (ii) Distribution and Servicing Fees (as defined below); (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) dividend expense on short sales; (v) net borrowing costs; (vi) interest; (vii) taxes; (viii) brokerage expenses; (ix) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the discretion of the Board); and proxy expenses (except for such proxies related to: (a) changes or approval of an investment advisory agreement for the Fund, (b) the election to the Board of any trustee who is an “interested person” of the Fund, or (c) any other matters that directly benefit, or relate directly to the operations of, the Adviser or its affiliates, which expenses shall be borne exclusively by the Adviser)) do not exceed 1.25% per annum of the average monthly net assets of each class of Shares. With respect to each class of Shares, the Fund agrees to repay the Manager any fees waived under the Expense Limitation Agreement or any expenses the Manager reimburses in excess of the Expense Limitation Agreement for such class of Shares, provided the repayments do not cause annual operating expenses for that class of Shares to exceed the expense limitation in place at the time the fees were waived and/or the expenses were reimbursed, or the expense limitation in place at the time the Fund repays the Manager, whichever is lower. Any such repayments must be made within two years after the date on which the Manager incurred the expense. The Expense Limitation Agreement has a term ending one year from the initial offering of the Fund’s securities under an effective Registration Statement on Form N-2, and the Manager may extend the term for a period of one year on an annual basis, subject to the approval of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. Organizational and certain initial offering and operating expenses incurred prior to the commencement of the Fund’s operations and reimbursed by the Manager are included as reimbursable expenses under the Expense Limitation Agreement, subject to the same two-year recoupment period. | |
| DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICING FEE | The Fund and the Adviser have applied for, and received, exemptive relief from the SEC with respect to the Fund’s multi-class structure (the “Multi-Class Exemptive Order”). Under the terms of the Multi-Class Exemptive Order, the Fund voluntarily will be subject to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Accordingly, the Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan for its Class A Shares (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and will pay the Distribution and Servicing Fee with respect to its Class A Shares.Under the Distribution and Servicing Plan, Class A Shares will be subject to an ongoing distribution and shareholder servicing fee (the “Distribution and Servicing Fee”) to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of shareholders who own such shares of the Fund. Class A Shares will pay a Distribution and Servicing Fee to the Distributor at an annual rate of 0.25%, based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to Class A Shares. For purposes of determining the Distribution and Servicing Fee, NAV will be calculated prior to any reduction for any fees and expenses, including, without limitation, the Distribution and Servicing Fee payable. | |
| DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN | The Fund operates under a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) administered by UMB Fund Services, Inc. (the “DRIP Agent”). Pursuant to the DRIP, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions, net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, will be reinvested in the same class of Shares of the Fund. Shareholders automatically participate in the DRIP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the DRIP on behalf of such participating shareholder. | |
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRIP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the shareholder of record (or, if the Shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). A shareholder who does not wish to have distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRIP at any time by written instructions to that effect to the DRIP Agent. Such written instructions must be received by the DRIP Agent at least 30 days prior to the record date of the distribution or the shareholder will receive such distribution in Shares through the DRIP. Under the DRIP, the Fund’s distributions to shareholders are reinvested in full and fractional Shares. | ||
| ERISA PLANS AND OTHER TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES |
Investors subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because the Fund will be registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules. Thus, neither the Fund nor the Manager will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA plan that becomes a shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.” | |
VALUATIONS |
The Board has designated, pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act (“Rule 2a-5”), the Manager as its valuation designee (the “Valuation Designee”) to make fair value determinations subject to the Board’s review and oversight. The Valuation Designee has established a Valuation Committee (“Valuation Committee”) comprised of representatives of the Manager and officers of the Fund to assist in performing the duties and responsibilities of the Valuation Designee. The Valuation Designee has established valuation processes, including but not limited to: making fair value determinations when market quotations for a financial instrument are not readily available in accordance with valuation policies and procedures adopted by the Board; assessing and managing material risks associated with fair valuation determinations; selecting, applying and testing fair valuation methodologies; and overseeing and evaluating pricing services used by the Fund. The Valuation Designee reports its fair valuation determinations and related valuation information to the Board. The Valuation Committee meets on an as-needed basis and generally meets quarterly to review and evaluate the effectiveness of the valuation policies and procedures in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-5. | |
CO-INVESTMENTS |
The Fund has applied for an order for exemptive relief (the “Co-Investment Exemptive Order”) from the SEC to co-invest with other funds managed by the Manager or its affiliates in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors.Pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order, if granted, the Fund generally will be permitted to co-invest with certain of its affiliates if the Fund and each affiliate participating in the transaction acquire, or dispose of, as the case may be, the same class of securities, at the same time, for the same price and with the same conversion, financial reporting and registration rights, and generally with substantially the same other terms. In addition, a “required majority” (as defined in Section 57(o) of the 1940 Act) of the Independent Trustees will be required to make certain findings in connection with certain co-investment transactions. There is no guarantee the Co-Investment Exemptive Order will be granted. | |
SUMMARY OF TAXATION |
The Fund intends to elect to be treated as, and intends to qualify and continue to qualify each year to be treated as, a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order | |
| to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund will need to assure that (among other things) it distributes annually, an amount equal to at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income.” See “Distributions” and “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” | ||
| FISCAL YEAR AND TAX YEAR | For accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end is the 12-month period ending on March 31. | |
| REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS | As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to shareholders for tax purposes will be furnished to shareholders. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act. | |
| INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS | Deloitte & Touche LLP serves as the independent public registered accounting firm of the Fund. | |
| CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT | The Bank of New York Mellon serves as the Fund’s primary custodian (the “Custodian”) and UMB Fund Services, Inc. serves as the Fund’s transfer agent. | |
| RISK FACTORS | There is no assurance that the Fund will meet its investment objective. The value of your investment in the Fund, as well as the amount of return you receive on your investment in the Fund, may fluctuate significantly. You may lose part or all of your investment in the Fund or your investment may not perform as well as other similar investments. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. Each risk summarized below is considered a “principal risk” of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears. | |
| Equity Securities Risk . | ||
| Growth Securities Risk | ||
| Concentration Risk . | ||
| • Information Technology Sector Risk | ||
| the broader market as a whole. Certain technology related companies may face special risks that their products or services may not prove to be commercially successful. Technology related companies are also strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. As a result, their products may rapidly become obsolete. Such companies are also often subject to governmental regulation and may, therefore, be adversely affected by governmental policies. These factors may lead to limited earnings and/or falling profit margins. As a result, the value of technology related companies’ securities may fall or fail to rise. Many technology related companies’ securities have historically been more volatile than other securities, especially over the short term. ○ Internet Company Risk: | ||
| ○ Semiconductor Company Risk: end-user products, under-utilization of manufacturing capacity, and other factors could adversely impact the operating results of companies in the semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry. Semiconductor companies typically face high capital costs and may be heavily dependent on intellectual property rights. The semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry is highly cyclical, which may cause the operating results of many semiconductor companies to vary significantly. The stock prices of companies in the semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry have been and likely will continue to be extremely volatile. | ||
| ○ Software Industry Risk: |
| protection for products (which significantly increases pricing pressures and can materially reduce profitability with respect to such products). In addition, many software companies have limited operating histories. Prices of these companies’ securities historically have been more volatile than other securities, especially over the short term. | ||
| Innovation Risk | ||
| Repurchase Program Risk . | ||
| ADR and GDR Risk | ||
| Artificial Intelligence Securities Risk AI-related businesses may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. These companies face intense competition and potentially rapid product obsolescence, and many depend significantly on retaining and growing the consumer base of their respective products and services. Many of these companies are also reliant on the end-user demand of products and services in various industries that may in part utilize AI. Further, many companies involved in, or exposed to, AI-related businesses may be substantially exposed to the market and business risks of other industries or sectors, and the Fund may be adversely affected by negative developments impacting those companies, industries or sectors. In addition, these companies are heavily dependent on intellectual property rights and may be adversely affected by loss or impairment of those rights. There can be no assurance that companies involved in AI will be able to successfully protect their intellectual property to prevent the misappropriation of their technology, or that competitors will not develop technology that is substantially similar or superior to such companies’ technology.Companies that utilize AI in their business operations, and the challenges with properly managing AI’s use could result in reputational harm, competitive harm, and legal liability, and/or an adverse effect on such companies’ business operations. If the content, analyses, or recommendations that AI applications assist companies in producing are or are alleged to be deficient, inaccurate, or biased, the Fund may be adversely affected. Additionally, AI tools used by such companies may produce inaccurate, misleading or incomplete responses that could lead to errors in decision-making or other business activities, which could have a negative impact on the |
| performance of such companies. Such AI tools could also be used against companies in criminal or negligent ways. AI technology could face increasing regulatory scrutiny in the future, which may limit the development of this technology and impede the growth of companies that develop and/or utilize this technology. Similarly, the collection of data from consumers and other sources could face increased scrutiny as regulators consider how the data is collected, stored, safeguarded and used. AI companies may face regulatory fines and penalties, including potential forced break-ups, that could hinder the ability of the companies to operate on an ongoing basis. Country, government, and/or region-specific regulations or restrictions could have an impact on AI and big data companies.AI companies typically engage in significant amounts of spending on research and development, and there is no guarantee that the products or services produced by these companies will be successful. AI companies, especially smaller companies, tend to be more volatile than companies that do not rely heavily on technology. | ||
| Competition for Access to Private Equity Investment Opportunities | ||
| Foreign Securities Risk | ||
| Investment Risk | ||
| Large Cap Securities Risk | ||
| Leverage Risk . | ||
| Management Risk . | ||
| Market Risk . |
| after taking into account the reinvestment of Fund dividends and distributions. Local, regional or global events such as environmental or natural disasters, war, terrorism, pandemics, outbreaks of infectious diseases, and similar public health threats, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. | ||
| Micro-Capitalization Companies Risk | ||
| Mid Cap Securities Risk | ||
| New Fund Risk | ||
| Non-Diversification Risk. “non-diversified” investment company under the 1940 Act. Therefore, the Fund may invest a relatively higher percentage of its assets in a relatively smaller number of issuers and may invest a larger proportion of its assets in a single issuer. As a result, the gains and losses on a single investment may have a greater impact on the Fund’s NAV and may make the Fund more volatile than more diversified funds. | ||
| Portfolio Fund Risks Portfolio Fund interests are ordinarily valued based upon valuations provided by the Portfolio Fund managers, which may be received on a delayed basis. Certain securities in which the Portfolio Funds invest may not have a readily ascertainable market price and are fair valued by the Portfolio Fund managers. A Portfolio Fund manager may face a conflict of interest in valuing such securities because their values may have an impact on the Portfolio Fund manager’s compensation. The Manager reviews and performs due diligence on the valuation procedures used by each Portfolio Fund manager and monitors the returns provided by the Portfolio |
| Funds. However, neither the Manager nor the Board is able to confirm the accuracy of valuations provided by Portfolio Fund managers. The Fund will pay asset-based fees, and, in most cases, will be subject to performance-based fees in respect of its interests in Portfolio Funds. Such fees and performance-based compensation are in addition to the Management Fee. In addition, performance-based fees charged by Portfolio Fund managers may create incentives for the Portfolio Fund managers to make risky investments, and may be payable by the Fund to a Portfolio Fund manager based on a Portfolio Fund’s positive returns even if the Fund’s overall returns are negative. Moreover, a shareholder in the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of the fees and expenses of the Portfolio Funds, in addition to its proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund. Thus, a shareholder may be subject to higher operating expenses than if the shareholder invested in the Portfolio Funds directly. In addition, because of the deduction of the fees payable by the Fund to the Manager and other expenses payable directly by the Fund from amounts distributed to the Fund by the Portfolio Funds, the returns to a shareholder will be lower than the returns to a direct investor in the Portfolio Funds. Fees and expenses of the Fund and the Portfolio Funds generally are paid regardless of whether the Fund or Portfolio Funds produce positive investment returns. Shareholders could avoid the additional level of fees and expenses of the Fund by investing directly with the Portfolio Funds, although access to many Portfolio Funds may be limited or unavailable, and may not be permitted for investors who do not meet the substantial minimum net worth and other criteria for direct investment in Portfolio Funds. | ||
| Portfolio Funds’ Underlying Investments | ||
| Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Manager and Others |
| registered investment company and affiliated persons of the investment company, as well as affiliated persons of such affiliated persons. Among others, affiliated persons of an investment company include its investment adviser; officers; directors/trustees; any person who directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such investment company; any person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding with power to vote, 5% or more of the outstanding voting securities of such investment company; and any person five percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held with power to vote by such investment company. Alger Associates’ Affiliates have adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts of interests. For additional information about potential conflicts of interest and the way in which the Manager addresses such conflicts, please see “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. | ||
| Private Credit Risk . | ||
| Privately Placed Securities Risk | ||
| Secondary Investments Risk There is significant competition for Secondary Investments. No assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to identify Secondary Investments that satisfy the Fund’s investment objective or, if the Fund is successful in identifying such |
| Secondary Investments, that the Fund will be permitted to invest, or invest in the amounts desired, in such Secondary Investments. | ||
| Sector Risk | ||
| • Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk | ||
| • Health Care Sector Risk | ||
| • Industrials Sector Risk | ||
| • Financials Sector Risk |
| • Communication Services Sector | ||
| Small Cap Securities Risk | ||
| Tax Risk . source-of-income, | ||
| Unlisted Shares closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange. | ||
| Valuation Risk . non-publicly traded securities, there will be uncertainty regarding the value of the Fund’s investments, which could adversely affect the determination of the Fund’s NAV.Accordingly, the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment. |
| Class A Shares |
Class Z Shares |
|||||||
| SHAREHOLDER FEES |
||||||||
| Maximum Sales Load Imposed on Purchases ( (1) |
||||||||
| Maximum Contingent Deferred Sales Charge |
||||||||
| ANNUAL FUND EXPENSES ( |
||||||||
| Management Fee (2) |
||||||||
| Distribution and/or Servicing Fee (3) |
||||||||
| Other Expenses (4) |
||||||||
| Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (5) |
||||||||
| Total Annual Expenses |
||||||||
| Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (6) |
( |
( |
||||||
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (after Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements) |
||||||||
(1) |
Investors in Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 5.25% of the investment amount. The sales load payable by each shareholder depends upon the amount invested by such shareholder in Class A Shares. The fee table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. Purchases of Class A shares in amounts of $1,000,000 or more may be subject to a 1.00%, 1-year contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), which may be subject to waiver in certain circumstances. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors. Class Z Shares are each not subject to a sales load; however, investors purchasing Class Z Shares through a financial intermediary could be required to pay transaction or other fees on purchases and sales of Shares to their financial intermediary in such amounts as their financial intermediary may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to an investor’s investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their financial intermediary about the sales load and any additional fees or charges their financial intermediary might impose on each class of Shares. |
(2) |
|
(3) |
Class A Shares pay a Distribution and Servicing Fee at an annual rate of 0.25% based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to Class A Shares to the Fund’s Distributor. For purposes of determining the Distribution and Servicing Fee, NAV will be calculated prior to any reduction for any fees and expenses, including, without limitation, the Distribution and Servicing Fee payable. Class Z Shares are not subject to a Distribution and Servicing Fee. |
(4) |
|
(5) |
|
| for a particular period may be unrelated to the cost of investing in the Portfolio Funds. “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses” are estimated for the Fund’s current fiscal year. |
(6) |
Pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement, the Manager has agreed to waive fees that it would otherwise be paid, and/or to assume expenses of the Fund, if required to ensure that annual operating expenses (excluding (i) Management Fees; (ii) Distribution and Servicing Fees; (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) dividend expense on short sales; (v) net borrowing costs; (vi) interest; (vii) taxes; (viii) brokerage expenses; (ix) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the discretion of the Board); and proxy expenses (except for such proxies related to: (a) changes or approval of an investment advisory agreement for the Fund, (b) the election to the Board of any trustee who is an “interested person” of the Fund, or (c) any other matters that directly benefit, or relate directly to the operations of, the Adviser or its affiliates, which expenses shall be borne exclusively by the Adviser)) do not exceed 1.25% per annum of the average monthly net assets of each class of Shares. With respect to each class of Shares, the Fund agrees to repay the Manager any fees waived under the Expense Limitation Agreement or any expenses the Manager reimburses in excess of the Expense Limitation Agreement for such class of Shares, provided the repayments do not cause annual operating expenses for that class of Shares to exceed the expense limitation in place at the time the fees were waived and/or the expenses were reimbursed, or the expense limitation in place at the time the Fund repays the Manager, whichever is lower. Any such repayments must be made within two years after the date on which the Manager incurred the expense. The Expense Limitation Agreement has a term ending one year from the initial offering of the Fund’s securities under an effective Registration Statement on Form N-2, and the Manager may extend the term for a period of one year on an annual basis, subject to the approval of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. The Expense Limitation Agreement may only be terminated upon approval of the Board. Organizational and certain initial operating expenses incurred prior to the commencement of the Fund’s operations and reimbursed by the Manager are included as reimbursable expenses under the Expense Limitation Agreement, subject to the same two-year recoupment period. |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|||||||||||||
| Class A Shares |
$ | |
$ | |
$ | |
$ | |
||||||||
| Class Z Shares |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| ● | Information Technology Sector Risk. |
○ |
Internet Company Risk. |
introductions and enhancements, and changing customer demands. The failure of an Internet company to adapt to such changes could have a material adverse effect on the company’s business. Additionally, the widespread adoption of new Internet, networking, telecommunications technologies, or other technological changes could require substantial expenditures by an Internet company to modify or adapt its services or infrastructure, which could have a material adverse effect on an Internet company’s business. |
○ |
Semiconductor Company Risk. end-user products, under-utilization of manufacturing capacity, and other factors could adversely impact the operating results of companies in the semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry. Semiconductor companies typically face high capital costs and may be heavily dependent on intellectual property rights. The semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry is highly cyclical, which may cause the operating results of many semiconductor companies to vary significantly. The stock prices of companies in the semiconductors & semiconductor equipment industry have been and likely will continue to be extremely volatile. |
○ |
Software Industry Risk. |
| • | the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; |
| • | the risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of any forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the shareholders; |
| • | the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged; and |
| • | leverage may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by shareholders), which may reduce total return. |
| • | Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. |
| • | Health Care Sector Risk. |
| • | Industrials Sector Risk. |
| • | Financials Sector Risk. |
| • | Communication Services Sector Risk. |
Purchase Amount |
Sales Load as a % of Offering Price |
Sales Load as a % of Net Asset Value |
Dealer Allowance as a % of Offering Price | |||
Less than $25,000 |
5.25% | 5.54% | 5.00% | |||
$25,000 - $49,999 |
4.50% | 4.71% | 4.25% | |||
$50,000 - $99,999 |
4.00% | 4.17% | 3.75% | |||
$100,000 - $249,999 |
3.50% | 3.63% | 3.25% | |||
$250,000 - $499,999 |
2.50% | 2.56% | 2.25% | |||
$500,000 - $749,000 |
2.00% | 2.04% | 1.75% | |||
$750,000 - $999,999 |
1.50% | 1.52% | 1.25% | |||
$1,000,000 and over |
* | * | 1.00% |
| • | employees, officers and/or Trustees of the Distributor and its affiliates, |
○ |
Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”), Keogh Plans and employee benefit plans for those persons, and |
○ |
spouses, children, siblings and parents of those employees and trusts of which those individuals are beneficiaries, as long as orders for the shares on behalf of those individuals and trusts were placed by those persons; |
| • | accounts managed by the Manager, |
○ |
employees, participants and beneficiaries of those accounts, |
○ |
IRAs, Keogh Plans and employee benefit plans for those employees, participants and beneficiaries, and |
○ |
spouses and minor children of those employees, participants and beneficiaries as long as orders for the shares were placed by the employees, participants and beneficiaries; |
| • | employee benefit or retirement plans or charitable accounts, including, but not limited to, IRAs, Keogh Plans, 401(k) plans, profit-sharing pension plans, defined benefit plans, Taft-Hartley multiemployer pension plans, 457 plans, 403(b) plans, non-qualified deferred compensation plans, and other defined contribution plans subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, other than employee benefit or retirement plans or charitable accounts that purchase Class A Shares through brokerage relationships in which sales loads are customarily imposed; |
| • | an investment company registered under the 1940 Act, as amended, in connection with the combination of the investment company with the Fund by merger, acquisition of assets or by any other transaction; |
| • | registered investment advisers for their own accounts; |
| • | certain registered investment advisers, banks, trust companies and other financial institutions (including broker-dealers) that have an agreement in place with the Distributor, as long as the orders for the shares were placed on behalf of their clients; |
| • | certain financial intermediaries offering self-directed investment brokerage accounts that have an agreement in place with the Distributor; |
| • | a financial institution as shareholder of record on behalf of: |
○ |
investment advisers or financial planners trading for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients, and who charge a separate fee for their services, and |
○ |
clients of such investment advisers or financial planners trading for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment adviser or financial planner on the books and records of the financial institution; |
| • | a financial institution as shareholder of record on behalf of retirement and deferred compensation plans and trusts used to fund those plans; |
| • | registered representatives of broker-dealers that have an agreement in place with the Distributor, for their own accounts and their spouses, children, siblings and parents; and |
| • | children or spouses of individuals who died in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 made directly through the Fund. |
| • | which Share classes are available; |
| • | how much an investor intends to invest; |
| • | how long the investor expects to own the Shares; and |
| • | total costs and expenses associated with a particular Share class. |
Type of Account |
Initial Investment |
Subsequent Investment | ||
Regular account |
$1,000 | $50 | ||
Retirement Accounts (including IRAs) |
$500 | $50 | ||
Asset-based Fee Program Accounts |
$250 | $50 |
| • | During any period in which the NYSE or any other market on which the Fund’s portfolio securities are traded is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or trading in those markets is restricted; |
| • | During an emergency that makes it impractical for the Fund to dispose of securities it owns or determine the NAV of Fund Shares; |
| • | If the repurchase would cause the Fund to lose its status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code; or |
| • | During other periods as the SEC permits the suspension or postponement of offers by the Fund for the protection of its shareholders. |
Share Class |
Amount Authorized |
Amount Held by the Fund for its Account |
Amount Outstanding | |||
| Unlimited | ||||||
| Unlimited | ||||||
| • | an individual who is a citizen of the United States or is treated as a resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes, |
| • | a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, |
| • | any estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or |
| • | any trust if — (i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust, and (ii) one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. |
| • | qualifies as a RIC; and |
| • | satisfies the Annual Distribution Requirement, |
| • | elect to be treated and qualify as a registered management company under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year; |
| • | derive in each taxable year at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities (as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the 1940 Act) or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (the “90% Gross Income Test”); and |
| • | diversify its holdings so that at the close of each quarter of the taxable year: |
○ |
at least 50 percent of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash, and cash items (including receivables), Government securities and securities of other RICs, and other securities for purposes of this calculation are limited, in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than 5 percent of the value of the total assets of the taxpayer and to not more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of each issuer, and |
○ |
not more than 25 percent of the value of its total assets is invested in (i) the securities (other than Government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, (ii) the securities (other than the securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers which the taxpayer controls and which are determined, under regulations prescribed by the U.S. Treasury Secretary, to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or (iii) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (the “Diversification Tests”). |
| • | results in a “complete termination” of such U.S. Shareholder’s ownership of Shares in the Fund; |
| • | results in a “substantially disproportionate” redemption with respect to such U.S. Shareholder; or |
| • | is “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” with respect to the U.S. Shareholder. |
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| A-1 | ||||
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
Class A Shares
Class Z Shares
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Statement of Additional Information
May 4, 2026
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND (the “Fund”) is a newly organized Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that operates as an interval fund. The Fund has no operating history. The Fund’s investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
This Statement of Additional Information (this “SAI”) is not a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Prospectus. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus which is dated May 4, 2026. A copy of the Prospectus may be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to the Fund at Fred Alger Management, LLC (“FAM” or the “Manager”), 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10004 or by calling toll-free (800) 992-3863 or by accessing the Fund’s website at www.alger.com. The information on the website is not incorporated by reference into this SAI and investors should not consider it a part of this SAI. The Prospectus, other material incorporated by reference into this SAI, and other information about the Fund, is also available on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “SEC”) website at http://www.sec.gov. The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active link.
Capitalized terms used but not defined in this SAI have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| APPENDIX A: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF SRI PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES |
A-1 | |||
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND
The Fund is a continuously offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company which operates as an “interval fund.” Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike some closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Fund’s shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment. To provide some liquidity to shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and conducts quarterly repurchase offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (expected to be 5% of the Fund’s Shares outstanding). The Fund is classified as a non-diversified management investment company under the 1940 Act, and, as a result, is not required to meet certain diversification requirements under the 1940 Act. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on September 10, 2025.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES, AND RISKS
A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Prospectus under the headings “Summary of Principal Terms-Principal Risks” and “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Prospectus.
General
An investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of securities generally and other factors.
An investment in the Fund should also be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in equity securities, including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the securities market may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities and thus in the value of Shares). Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic and banking crises.
Holders of common stocks incur more risk than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common stockholders, as owners of the issuer, have generally inferior rights to receive payments from the issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by, the issuer. Further, unlike debt securities, which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the common stock remains outstanding.
In the event that the securities in which the Fund invests are not listed on a national securities exchange, the principal trading market for some may be in the over-the-counter market. The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities may depend on whether dealers will make a market in such securities. There can be no assurance that a market will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of the Fund’s Shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for certain of the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
The Manager integrates AI into its operations, including its investment process, through the use of certain third-party vendors and large language model platforms. Specifically, the Manager may utilize large language model platforms to perform research or provide assistance with other tasks. Additionally, the Manager utilizes vendors that use AI in their business operations, including analytical, technological or computational function, algorithm model, correlation matrices, or similar methods or processes that optimizes for, predicts, guides, forecasts, or directs business-
1
related behaviors or outcomes. Such information is then incorporated by the Manager into its investment, sales or administrative processes.
If the content and analyses that AI applications assist the Manager in producing are or are alleged to be deficient, inaccurate, or biased, the Fund may be adversely affected. Additionally, AI tools used by the Manager may produce inaccurate, misleading or incomplete responses that could lead to errors in the Manager’s decision-making, portfolio management or other business activities, which could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. Legal and regulatory changes, particularly related to information privacy and data protection, may have an impact on AI, and may additionally impact the Fund. AI tools and technologies and their current and potential future applications, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate, continue to rapidly evolve, and it is not possible to predict the full extent of future applications or regulations and the associated risks to a Fund.
Unforeseen Market Events
Unpredictable events such as environmental or natural disasters, war, terrorism, pandemics, outbreaks of infectious diseases, and similar public health threats, trade disputes and changes in trade regulations, civil unrest, recessions, or other events may significantly affect the economy and the markets and issuers in which the Fund invests. Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others and exacerbate other preexisting political, social, and economic risks. In addition, economies and financial markets throughout the world have become increasingly interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or country, as well as relationships between countries, will adversely affect markets or issuers in other regions or countries.
These types of events may also cause widespread fear and uncertainty and result in, among other things: quarantines, cancellations, and travel restrictions, including border closings; disruptions to business operations, supply chains and customer activity; exchange trading suspensions and closures, and overall reduced liquidity of securities, derivatives, and commodities trading markets; and reductions in consumer demand and economic output. The Fund could be negatively impacted if the value of a portfolio holding were harmed by such political or economic conditions or events. In addition, the operations of the Fund, the Manager, and the Fund’s service providers may be significantly impacted, or even temporarily halted, as a result of any impairment to their information technology and other operational systems, extensive employee illnesses or unavailability, government quarantine measures, and restrictions on travel or meetings and other factors related to public emergencies. Governmental and quasi-governmental authorities and regulators have in the past responded to major economic disruptions with a variety of significant fiscal and monetary policy changes, including but not limited to, direct capital infusions into companies, new monetary programs, and dramatically lower interest rates. An unexpected or quick reversal of these policies, or the ineffectiveness of these policies, could negatively impact overall investor sentiment and further increase volatility in securities markets. Other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future could have similar or other unforeseen effects.
In addition, global climate change may have an adverse effect on the value of securities and other assets. Economists and others have expressed increasing concern about the potential effects of global climate change on property and security values. Certain issuers, industries and regions may be adversely affected by the impacts of climate change, including on the demand for and the development of goods and services and related production costs, and the impacts of legislation, regulation and international accords related to climate change, as well as any indirect consequences of regulation or business trends driven by climate change.
Leverage
The Fund may use leverage to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. The Fund is permitted to obtain leverage using any form or combination of financial leverage instruments, including through funds borrowed from banks or other financial institutions (i.e., a credit facility), margin facilities, or the issuance of notes in an aggregate amount up to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets (or in the case of the issuance of preferred shares, 50% of total assets), including any assets purchased with borrowed money, immediately after giving effect to the leverage. The Fund may also use leverage generated by reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and similar transactions. The Fund may use leverage opportunistically and may use different types, combinations or amounts of leverage over time, based on the Manager’s
2
views concerning market conditions and investment opportunities. The Fund’s strategies relating to its use of leverage may not be successful, and the Fund’s use of leverage will cause the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) to be more volatile than it would otherwise be. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will leverage its assets or, to the extent the Fund does use leverage, what percentage of its assets such leverage will represent.
Derivative Transactions
General
The Fund may invest in, or enter into, derivatives for a variety of reasons in accordance with its fundamental investment restrictions and investment strategies, including to hedge certain market or interest rate risks, to provide a substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities or to increase potential returns. Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, and related indexes. Examples of derivative instruments the Fund may use include, but are not limited to options contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts and swaps. Derivatives may provide a cheaper, quicker or more specifically focused way for the Fund to invest than “traditional” securities would. The Manager, however, may decide not to employ some or all of these strategies for the Fund and there is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by the Fund will succeed.
Regulation of Derivatives
Rule 18f-4 (“Rule 18f-4”) under the 1940 Act regulates the use by registered investment companies of derivatives transactions. Under Rule 18f-4, derivatives transactions include the following: (1) any swap, security-based swap (including a contract for differences), futures contract, forward contract, option (excluding purchased options), any combination of the foregoing, or any similar instrument, under which the Fund is or may be required to make any payment or delivery of cash or other assets during the life of the instrument or at maturity or early termination, whether as margin or settlement payment or otherwise; (2) any short sale borrowing; (3) reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions (e.g., recourse and non-recourse tender option bonds, and borrowed bonds), if the Fund elects to treat these transactions as derivatives transactions under Rule 18f-4; and (4) when-issued or forward-settling securities (e.g., firm commitments) and non-standard settlement cycle securities, unless the Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date (the “Delayed Settlement Securities Provision”). Rule 18f-4 requires, among other things, that certain entities adopt a derivatives risk management program, appoint a derivatives risk manager, comply with limitations on leverage-related risk based on a “value-at-risk” test and update reporting and disclosure procedures. Rule 18f-4 excepts from some of the requirements, including establishing a derivatives risk management program and calculating value-at-risk, a “limited derivatives user,” which is any fund whose derivatives exposure is limited to 10% of its net assets and which has adopted policies and procedures designed to manage derivatives risks. The Fund anticipates that it will qualify as a limited derivatives user under Rule 18f-4.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC-regulated futures, options and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”) or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. To the extent the Fund uses CFTC Derivatives, it intends to do so below such prescribed levels and will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, the Manager has claimed exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Manager is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund.
OTC derivatives dealers are now required to register with the CFTC as “swap dealers” and with the SEC as “security-based swap dealers.” Registered swap dealers are subject to various regulatory requirements, including, but not limited to, margin, recordkeeping, reporting, transparency, position limits, limitations on conflicts of interest, business conduct standards, minimum capital requirements and other regulatory requirements.
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OTC derivatives trades submitted for clearing are subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the relevant clearinghouse, as well as margin requirements mandated by the CFTC, SEC and/or federal prudential regulators. In addition, futures commission merchants (“FCMs”), who act as clearing members on behalf of customers for cleared OTC derivatives and futures contracts, also have discretion to increase the Fund’s margin requirements for these transactions beyond any regulatory and clearinghouse minimums subject to any restrictions on such discretion in the documentation between the FCM and the customer. These regulatory requirements may make it more difficult and costly for the Fund to enter into highly tailored or customized transactions, potentially rendering certain investment strategies impossible or not economically feasible. If the Fund decides to execute and clear cleared OTC derivatives and/or futures contracts through execution facilities, exchanges or clearinghouses, either indirectly through an executing broker, clearing member FCM or as a direct member, the Fund would be required to comply with the rules of the execution facility, exchange or clearinghouse and other applicable law.
With respect to cleared OTC derivatives and futures contracts and options on futures, the Fund will not face a clearinghouse directly but rather will do so through a FCM that is registered with the CFTC and/or SEC and that acts as a clearing member. The Fund may face the indirect risk of the failure of another clearing member customer to meet its obligations to its clearing member. Such scenario could arise due to a default by the clearing member on its obligations to the clearinghouse simultaneously with a customer’s failure to meet its obligations to the clearing member. Clearing member FCMs are required to post initial margin to the clearinghouses through which they clear their customers’ cleared OTC derivatives and futures contracts, instead of using such initial margin in their businesses, as was widely permitted before the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”). While an FCM may require its customer to post initial margin in excess of clearinghouse requirements, and certain clearinghouses may share a portion of their earnings on initial margin with their clearing members, some portion of the initial margin that is passed through to the clearinghouse does not generate earnings for the FCM. The inability of FCMs to earn the same levels of returns on initial margin for cleared OTC derivatives as they could earn with respect to non-cleared OTC derivatives may cause FCMs to charge higher fees, or provide less favorable pricing on cleared OTC derivatives than swap dealers will provide for non-cleared OTC derivatives. Furthermore, customers, including the Fund, are subject to additional fees payable to FCMs with respect to cleared OTC derivatives, which may raise the cost the Fund of clearing as compared to trading non-cleared OTC derivatives bilaterally.
The CFTC and the U.S. commodities exchanges impose limits on the maximum net long or net short speculative positions that any person may hold or control in any particular futures or options contracts traded on U.S. commodities exchanges. For example, the CFTC has historically imposed speculative position limits on a number of agricultural commodities (e.g., corn, oats, wheat, soybeans and cotton) and United States commodities exchanges currently impose speculative position limits on many other commodities. The Fund could be required to liquidate positions it holds in order to comply with position limits or may not be able to fully implement trading instructions generated by its trading models, in order to comply with position limits. Any such liquidation or limited implementation could result in substantial costs to the Fund.
New regulations and the resulting increased costs and regulatory oversight requirements may result in market participants being required or deciding to limit their trading activities, which could lead to decreased market liquidity and increased market volatility. In addition, transaction costs incurred by market participants are likely to be higher due to the increased costs of compliance with the new regulations. These consequences could adversely affect the Fund’s returns.
Risks of Derivative Transactions
Derivatives can be volatile and involve various types and degrees of risk, depending upon the characteristics of the particular derivative and the portfolio as a whole. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. However, derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest, meaning that a small investment in derivatives could have a large potential impact on the Fund’s performance.
If the Fund invests in derivatives at inopportune times or judges market conditions incorrectly, such investments may lower the Fund’s return or result in a loss. The Fund also could experience losses if its derivatives were poorly correlated with the underlying instruments or the Fund’s other investments, or if the Fund were unable to liquidate its
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position because of an illiquid secondary market. The market for many derivatives is, or suddenly can become, illiquid. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid and unpredictable changes in the prices for derivatives.
Short Sales
The Fund may sell securities “short against the box.” While a short sale is the sale of a security the Fund does not own, it is “against the box” if at all times when the short position is open the Fund owns an equal amount of the securities or securities convertible into, or exchangeable without further consideration for, securities of the same issue as the securities sold short.
Additionally, the Fund may enter into short sales that are not “against the box.” Short sales that are not “against the box” are also known as naked short sales, meaning the Fund does not own the securities against which the short sale was entered, exposing the Fund to unlimited risk. In order to engage in a short sale, the Fund arranges with a broker to borrow the security being sold short. The Fund must deposit collateral, consisting of cash or marketable securities, with the broker to secure the Fund’s obligation to replace the security. In addition, the Fund must pay the broker any dividends or interest paid on the borrowed security during the time the short position is open. In order to close out its short position, the Fund will replace the security by purchasing the security at the price prevailing at the time of replacement. If the price of the security sold short has increased since the time of the short sale, the Fund will incur a loss in addition to the costs associated with establishing, maintaining and closing out the short position. If the price of the security sold short has decreased since the time of the short sale, the Fund will experience a gain to the extent the difference in price is greater than these costs.
Regulatory authorities may from time to time impose restrictions that adversely affect the ability to borrow certain securities in connection with short sale transactions. Regulations imposed by the SEC, and the potential for further interventions by the SEC or other regulators, may discourage or impede short selling practices due to the increased economic, regulatory, compliance and disclosure obligations or risks that they present. In accordance with Rule 18f-4, the Fund considers short sales to be derivatives.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Reverse repurchase agreements are the same as repurchase agreements except that, in this instance, the Fund would assume the role of seller/borrower in the transaction. The Fund will invest the proceeds in money market instruments or repurchase agreements maturing not later than the expiration of the reverse repurchase agreement. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund may decline below the repurchase price of the securities. The Fund’s use of reverse repurchase agreements is governed in accordance with the requirements of Rule 18f-4.
Options
The Fund may purchase put and call options and write (i.e., sell) put and call options on individual securities, baskets of securities, securities indexes, or particular measurements of value or rates, such as an index of the price of treasury securities or an index representative of short-term interest rates to increase gains or to hedge against the risk of unfavorable price movements. The Fund may make such investments on exchanges and in the OTC markets. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties’ obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but are subject to greater credit risk. OTC options also involve greater illiquidity risk.
The Fund may purchase call options on any of the types of securities or instruments in which it may invest. A call option on a security is a contract that gives the holder of the option the right, in return for a premium paid, to buy from the writer (seller) of the call option the security underlying the option at a specified exercise price during the term of the option. The writer of the call option has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price during the option period. The Fund may purchase put options to seek to hedge against a decline in the value of its securities or to enhance its return. A put option on a security is a contract that, in return for the premium, gives the holder of the option the right to sell to the writer (seller) the underlying
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security at a specified price during the term of the option. The writer of the put, who receives the premium, has the obligation to buy the underlying security upon exercise at the exercise price during the option period.
The Fund may write (i.e., sell) covered call options on the securities or instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to certain of such options. A call option written by the Fund on a security is “covered” if the Fund owns the underlying security covered by the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in a segregated account) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (1) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or (2) greater than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash or liquid securities in a segregated account.
The Fund may also write (i.e., sell) uncovered call options on securities or instruments in which it may invest but that are not currently held by the Fund. The principal reason for writing uncovered call options is to realize income without committing capital to the ownership of the underlying securities or instruments. When writing uncovered call options, the Fund must deposit and maintain sufficient margin with the broker-dealer through which it made the uncovered call option as collateral to ensure that the securities can be purchased for delivery if and when the option is exercised. During periods of declining securities prices or when prices are stable, writing uncovered calls can be a profitable strategy to increase the Fund’s income with minimal capital risk. Uncovered calls are riskier than covered calls because there is no underlying security held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. Uncovered calls have speculative characteristics and the potential for loss is unlimited. When an uncovered call is exercised, the Fund must purchase the underlying security to meet its call obligation. There is also a risk, especially with preferred and debt securities that lack sufficient liquidity, that the securities may not be available for purchase. If the purchase price exceeds the exercise price, the Fund will lose the difference.
The Fund may write (i.e., sell) put options on the types of securities or instruments that may be held by the Fund, when such put options are covered. A put option is “covered” if the Fund maintains cash or liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price in a segregated account, or else holds a put on the same security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.
The Fund may also write (i.e., sell) uncovered put options on securities or instruments in which it may invest but with respect to which the Fund does not currently have a corresponding short position or has not deposited cash collateral equal to the exercise value of the put option with the broker-dealer through which it made the uncovered put option. The principal reason for writing uncovered put options is to receive premium income and to acquire such securities or instruments at a net cost below the current market value. The Fund has the obligation to buy the securities or instruments at an agreed upon price if the price of the securities or instruments decreases below the exercise price. If the price of the securities or instruments increases during the option period, the option will expire worthless and the Fund will retain the premium and will not have to purchase the securities or instruments at the exercise price.
If the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its obligation by effecting a closing purchase transaction. This is accomplished by purchasing an option of the same series as the option previously written. However, once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to effect a closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the holder of an option it may liquidate its position by effecting a closing sale transaction. This is accomplished by selling an option of the same series as the option previously purchased. There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
The Fund would realize a profit from a closing transaction if the price of the transaction were less than the premium received from writing the option or is more than the premium paid to purchase the option; the Fund would realize a loss from a closing transaction if the price of the transaction were more than the premium received from writing the option or less than the premium paid to purchase the option. Since call option prices generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price and price volatility of the underlying security and the time remaining until the expiration date.
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An option position may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for an option of the same series. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular option. In such event it might not be possible to effect closing transactions in particular options, so that the Fund would have to exercise its option in order to realize any profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise of the options. If the Fund, as a covered call option writer, were unable to effect a closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it would not be able to sell the underlying security until the option expired or it delivered the underlying security upon exercise or otherwise covered the position.
In addition to options on securities, the Fund may also purchase and sell call and put options on securities indexes. A stock index reflects in a single number the market value of many different stocks. Relative values are assigned to the stocks included in an index and the index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the stocks. The options give the holder the right to receive a cash settlement during the term of the option based on the difference between the exercise price and the value of the index. By writing a put or call option on a securities index, the Fund is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. The Fund may offset its position in stock index options prior to expiration by entering into a closing transaction on an exchange or it may let the option expire unexercised.
Use of options on securities indexes entails the risk that trading in the options may be interrupted if trading in certain securities included in the index is interrupted. The Fund will not purchase these options unless the Manager is satisfied with the development, depth and liquidity of the market and the Manager believes the options can be closed out.
Price movements in the Fund’s securities may not correlate precisely with movements in the level of an index and, therefore, the use of options on indexes cannot serve as a complete hedge and would depend, in part, on the ability of the Manager to predict correctly movements in the direction of the stock market generally or of a particular industry. Because options on securities indexes require settlement in cash, the Manager might be forced to liquidate Fund securities to meet settlement obligations.
Although the Manager will attempt to take appropriate measures to minimize the risks relating to any trading by the Fund in put and call options, there can be no assurance that the Fund will succeed in any option trading program it undertakes.
Futures
The Fund may enter into futures contracts on stock indexes and purchase and sell call and put options on these futures contracts. These practices are deemed to be speculative and may cause the net asset value of the Fund to be more volatile than the net asset value of a fund that does not engage in these activities.
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security for a set price on a future date. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the security. An option on a futures contract gives the holder of the option the right to buy from or sell to the writer of the option a position in a futures contract at a specified price on or before a specified expiration date.
Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out before delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing out a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Transaction costs also are included in these calculations.
Engaging in these transactions involves risk of loss to the Fund which could adversely affect the value of the Fund’s net assets. Although the Fund intends to purchase or sell futures contracts only if there is an active market for such contracts, no assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular contract at any particular
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time. Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the fund to substantial losses.
Successful use of futures by the Fund also is subject to the Manager’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the relevant market and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to ascertain the appropriate correlation between the securities being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract. For example, if the Fund uses futures to hedge against the possibility of a decline in the market value of securities held in its portfolio and the prices of such securities instead increase, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of securities which it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. Furthermore, if in such circumstances the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements. The Fund may have to sell such securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Futures are generally bought and sold on the commodities exchanges where they are listed with payment of initial and variation margin as described below. Foreign markets may offer advantages such as trading opportunities or arbitrage possibilities not available in the United States. Foreign markets, however, may have greater risk potential than domestic markets. For example, some foreign exchanges are principal markets so that no common clearing facility exists and an investor may look only to the broker for performance of the contract. In addition, any profits that the Fund might realize in trading could be eliminated by adverse changes in the currency exchange rate, or the Fund could incur losses as a result of those changes. The sale of a futures contract creates a firm obligation by the Fund, as seller, to deliver to the buyer the net cash amount called for in the contract at a specific future time. Put options on futures might be purchased to protect against declines in the market values of securities occasioned by a decline in stock prices and securities index futures might be sold to protect against a general decline in the value of securities of the type that comprise the index. Options on futures contracts are similar to options on securities except that an option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract and obligates the seller to deliver such position.
A stock index future obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take) an amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific stock index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made. No physical delivery of the underlying stocks in the index is made. While incidental to its securities activities, the Fund may use index futures as a substitute for a comparable market position in the underlying securities.
If the Fund uses futures, or options thereon, for hedging, the risk of imperfect correlation will increase as the composition of the Fund varies from the composition of the stock index. In an effort to compensate for the imperfect correlation of movements in the price of the securities being hedged and movements in the price of the stock index futures, the Fund may, if it uses a hedging strategy, buy or sell stock index futures contracts in a greater or lesser dollar amount than the dollar amount of the securities being hedged if the historical volatility of the stock index futures has been less or greater than that of the securities. Such “over hedging” or “under hedging” may adversely affect the Fund’s net investment results if market movements are not as anticipated when the hedge is established.
An option on a stock index futures contract, as contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a stock index futures contract at a specified exercise price during the term of the option. The Fund would sell options on stock index futures contracts only as part of closing purchase transactions to terminate its options positions. No assurance can be given that such closing transactions could be effected or that there would be correlation between price movements in the options on stock index futures and price movements in the Fund’s securities which were the subject of the hedge. In addition, any purchase by the Fund of such options would be based upon predictions as to anticipated market trends, which could prove to be inaccurate.
The Fund’s use, if any, of stock index futures and options thereon will in all cases be consistent with applicable regulatory requirements and in particular the rules and regulations of the CFTC (see “Regulation of Derivatives” above) and will be entered into only, if at all, for bona fide hedging, risk management or other portfolio management
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purposes. Typically, maintaining a futures contract or selling an option thereon will require the Fund to deposit with a financial intermediary as security for its obligations an amount of cash or other specified assets (initial margin) which initially is typically 1% to 10% of the face amount of the contract (but may be higher in some circumstances). Additional cash or assets (variation margin) may be required to be deposited thereafter on a daily basis as the mark to market value of the contract fluctuates. The purchase of an option on stock index futures involves payment of a premium for the option without any further obligation on the part of the Fund. If the Fund exercises an option on a futures contract it will be obligated to post initial margin (and potential subsequent variation margin) for the resulting futures position just as it would for any position. Futures contracts and options thereon are generally settled by entering into an offsetting transaction but there can be no assurance that the position can be offset prior to settlement at an advantageous price, or that delivery will occur.
The Fund will not enter into a futures contract or related option (except for closing transactions) if, immediately thereafter, the sum of the amount of its initial margin and premiums on open futures contracts and options thereon would exceed 5% of the Fund’s total assets (taken at current value); however, in the case of an option that is in-the-money at the time of the purchase, the in-the-money amount may be excluded in calculating the 5% limitation.
Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund may enter into foreign currency transactions for a variety of purposes, including: to fix in U.S. dollars, between trade and settlement date, the value of a security the Fund has agreed to buy or sell; to hedge the U.S. dollar value of securities the Fund already owns, particularly if it expects a decrease in the value of the currency in which the foreign security is denominated; or to gain or reduce exposure to the foreign currency for investment purposes. The currency exposure of the Fund’s portfolio typically will be unhedged to the U.S. dollar.
Foreign currency transactions may involve, for example, the Fund’s purchase of foreign currencies for U.S. dollars or the maintenance of short positions in foreign currencies. A short position would involve the Fund agreeing to exchange an amount of a currency it did not currently own for another currency at a future date in anticipation of a decline in the value of the currency sold relative to the currency the Fund contracted to receive. The Fund’s success in these transactions may depend on the ability of the Manager to predict accurately the future exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.
Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. They generally are determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets and the relative merits of investments in different countries, actual or perceived changes in interest rates and other complex factors, as seen from an international perspective. Currency exchange rates also can be affected unpredictably by intervention, or failure to intervene, by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad.
Swap Transactions
The Fund may engage in swap transactions, including currency swaps (discussed above under “Foreign Currency Transactions”), index swaps and total return swaps. The Fund may enter into swaps for both hedging purposes and to seek to increase total return. The Fund also may enter into options on swap agreements, sometimes called “swaptions.”
Swap agreements are two-party OTC contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of swaps or securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is only used as a basis upon which to calculate the obligations that the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange.
Most swap agreements entered into by the Fund are cash settled and calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a “net basis.” Thus, the Fund’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement generally will be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions
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held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). The Fund’s current obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the segregation of permissible liquid assets of the Fund.
Total Return Swaps: In a total return or “equity” swap agreement, one party makes payments based on a set rate, either fixed or variable, while the other party makes payments based on the return of an underlying asset, which includes both the income it generates and any capital gains. The underlying reference asset of a total return swap may include an individual security, a basket of securities, an equity index, loans or bonds. Total return swaps on an individual security, basket of securities or securities indices may sometimes be referred to as “contracts for difference.” Total return swaps may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Upon entering into a total return swap, the Fund is required to deposit initial margin but the parties do not exchange the notional amount. As a result, total return swaps may effectively add leverage to the Fund’s portfolio because the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.
Options on Swaps (“Swaptions”): A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. A cash-settled option on a swap gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to receive an amount of cash equal to the value of the underlying swap as of the exercise date. These options typically are purchased in privately negotiated transactions from financial institutions, including securities brokerage firms. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
With respect to uncleared swaps, swap dealers are required to collect variation margin from the Fund and may be required by applicable regulations to collect initial margin from the Fund. Both initial and variation margin may be comprised of cash and/or securities, subject to applicable regulatory haircuts. Shares of investment companies (other than certain money market funds) may not be posted as collateral under applicable regulations.
The use of swap agreements is a highly specialized activity which involves strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. If the Manager is incorrect in its forecasts of applicable market factors, or a counterparty defaults, the investment performance of the Fund would diminish compared with what it would have been if these techniques were not used. In addition, it is possible that developments in the swap market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
The Fund will enter into swap agreements only when the Manager believe it would be in the best interests of the Fund to do so and the Fund is operationally able to do so. In addition, the Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness (generally, such counterparties would have to be eligible counterparties under the terms of the Fund’s repurchase agreement guidelines).
Firm Commitment Agreements and When-Issued Purchases
Firm commitment agreements and “when-issued” purchases call for the purchase of securities at an agreed price on a specified future date and would be used, for example, when a decline in the yield of securities of a given issuer is anticipated and a more advantageous yield may be obtained by committing currently to purchase securities to be issued later. When the Fund purchases a security under a firm commitment agreement or on a when-issued basis it assumes the risk of any decline in value of the security occurring between the date of the agreement or purchase and the settlement date of the transaction. Rule 18f-4 permits the Fund to enter into firm commitment agreements and when-issued purchases, notwithstanding the limitation on the issuance of senior securities in Section 18 of the 1940 Act, provided that the transaction meets the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision. If a firm commitment agreement or when-issued purchase does not satisfy the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision, it will be treated as a derivative transaction under Rule 18f-4.
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Combined Transactions
The Fund may enter into multiple derivatives transactions, including multiple options transactions, multiple futures transactions, multiple currency transactions including forward currency contracts and multiple interest rate transactions, swaps, structured notes and any combination of futures, options, swaps, currency and interest rate transactions (“component transactions”), to the extent permissible under its fundamental investment restrictions, instead of a single transaction, as part of a single or combined strategy when, in the opinion of the Manager, it is in the best interests of the Fund to do so. A combined transaction will usually contain elements of risk that are present in each of its component transactions. Although combined transactions are normally entered into based on the Manager’s judgment that the combined strategies will reduce risk or otherwise more effectively achieve the desired portfolio management goal, it is possible that the combination will instead increase such risks or hinder achievement of the portfolio management objective.
Future Developments
The Fund may take advantage of opportunities in the area of options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, warrants, swaps and any other investments that are not presently contemplated for use or that are not currently available, but which may be developed, to the extent such investments are considered suitable for the Fund by the Manager.
Foreign Securities
Foreign securities are securities issued by companies generally defined by a third party, or in certain circumstances by a portfolio manager, (i) that are organized under the laws of a foreign country; (ii) whose securities are primarily listed in a foreign country; or (iii) that have a majority of their assets, or derive more than 50% of their revenue or profits from business, investments, or sales, outside the United States. Foreign securities investments may be affected by changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States and abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Dividends paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes that may decrease the net return on these investments as compared to dividends paid to the Fund by domestic corporations. It should be noted that there may be less publicly available information about foreign issuers than about domestic issuers, and foreign issuers are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those of domestic issuers. Securities of some foreign issuers are more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers and foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than in the United States. Foreign securities markets may also be more volatile and less subject to government supervision than those in the United States. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, confiscatory taxation and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Securities purchased on foreign exchanges may be held in custody by a foreign branch of a domestic bank.
Investing in Europe
Ongoing concerns regarding the economies of certain European countries and/or their sovereign debt, as well as the possibility that one or more countries might leave the European Union (the “EU”), create risks for investing in the EU. A number of countries in Europe have experienced severe economic and financial difficulties. Many non-governmental issuers, and even certain governments, have defaulted on, or been forced to restructure, their debts. Many other issuers have faced difficulties obtaining credit or refinancing existing obligations. Financial institutions have in many cases required government or central bank support, have needed to raise capital, and/or have been impaired in their ability to extend credit, and financial markets in Europe and elsewhere have experienced significant volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. These difficulties may continue, worsen or spread within and outside of Europe. Responses to the financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not be effective, may result in social unrest and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of outstanding debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
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For example, Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, significantly amplifying already existing geopolitical tensions. The United States and many other countries have instituted various economic sanctions against Russian individuals and entities (including corporate and banking). The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions imposed and other punitive action taken and resulting future market disruptions in Europe and globally are impossible to predict, but could be significant and have a severe adverse effect on Russia and Europe in general, including significant negative impacts on the economy and the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas, as well as other sectors. This conflict may expand and military attacks could occur elsewhere in Europe. The potential for wider conflict may increase financial market volatility and could have severe adverse effects on regional and global economic markets. Whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in Europe or with significant exposure to European issuers or countries, these events could negatively affect the value and relative liquidity of the Fund’s investments.
It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on the Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective but any such impact could have material consequences for the Fund and its investments. Whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in Europe or has significant exposure to European issuers or countries, these events could negatively affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investment.
Emerging Markets Investments
The Fund may invest in the securities of issuers domiciled in various countries with emerging capital markets. A country with an emerging capital market is any country that is (i) generally recognized to be an emerging market country by the international financial community, such as the International Finance Corporation, or determined by the World Bank to have a low, middle or middle upper income economy; (ii) classified by the United Nations or its authorities to be developing; and/or (iii) included in a broad-based index that is generally representative of emerging markets. Countries with emerging markets can be found in regions such as Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa.
Investments in the securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in market illiquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit the Fund’s investment opportunities such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.
Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for the Fund. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected market. As a result, the risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability to the Fund of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in Japan or most Western European countries.
Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing
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and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Emerging market securities may be substantially less liquid than, and more volatile than, those of mature markets, and company shares may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the Fund’s acquisition or disposal of securities.
Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because the Fund will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer, or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and, along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost. The Fund would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation.
In addition, some emerging markets countries may have fixed or managed currencies which are not free-floating against the U.S. dollar. Further, certain emerging markets countries’ currencies may not be internationally traded. Certain of these currencies have experienced volatility relative to the U.S. dollar. If the Fund does not hedge the U.S. dollar value of securities it owns denominated in currencies that are devalued, the Fund’s net asset value will be adversely affected. If the Fund hedges the U.S. dollar value of securities it owns denominated in currencies that increase in value, the Fund will not benefit from the hedge it purchased, and will lose the amount it paid for the hedge. Many emerging markets countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have adverse effects on the economies and securities markets of certain of these countries.
Risks of Investing in China and Hong Kong
In addition to the risks of investing in emerging markets discussed above, investing in securities listed and traded in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”) involves other specific risks. Such risks may include: (i) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets or confiscatory taxation; (ii) greater social, economic and political uncertainty; (iii) dependency on exports and the corresponding importance of international trade; (iv) increasing competition from Asia’s other low-cost emerging economies; (v) currency exchange rate fluctuations; (vi) higher rates of inflation; (vii) controls on foreign investment and limitations on repatriation of invested capital; (viii) greater governmental involvement in and control over the economy; (ix) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support the economic reform programs implemented since 1978 and could return to the prior, completely centrally planned, economy; (x) the fact that Chinese companies, particularly those located in China, may be smaller, less seasoned and newly organized; (xi) the differences in, or lack of, auditing and financial reporting standards which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers, particularly in China; (xii) the fact that statistical information regarding the economy of China may be inaccurate or not comparable to statistical information regarding the U.S. or other economies; (xiii) the less extensive, and still developing, regulation of the securities markets, business entities and commercial transactions; (xiv) the willingness and ability of the Chinese government to support the Chinese and Hong Kong economies and markets is uncertain; (xv) the risk that it may be more difficult, or impossible, to obtain and/or enforce a judgment than in other countries; (xvi) the rapidity and erratic nature of growth, particularly in China, resulting in inefficiencies and dislocations; (xvii) the risk that, because of the degree of interconnectivity between the economies and financial markets of China and Hong Kong, any sizable reduction in the demand for goods from China, or an economic downturn in China, could negatively affect the economy and financial market of Hong Kong as well; and (xviii) the risk that certain companies in China may have dealings with countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S. government or identified as state sponsors of terrorism.
The government of China maintains strict currency controls in support of economic, trade and political objectives and regularly intervenes in the currency market. The government’s actions in this respect may not be transparent or predictable. As a result, the value of Renminbi (“RMB”), and the value of securities designed to provide exposure to RMB, can change quickly and arbitrarily. Furthermore, it is difficult for foreign investors to directly access money market securities in China because of investment and trading restrictions. Major remaining barriers to foreign investment include opaque and inconsistently enforced laws and regulations and the lack of a rules-based legal infrastructure. These and other factors may decrease the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments, and therefore
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the value and liquidity of an investment in the Fund. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance.
The laws, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of the Fund’s portfolio. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar actions in the future.
Over the past few decades, China loosened some of its controls with respect to foreign investment to permit private economic activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth. However, there is no guarantee that the Chinese government will continue its current economic reforms or that the growth of the Chinese economy will be sustained in the future. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. If measures adopted by the Chinese government to counter inflation do not succeed, and if inflation were to worsen, the Chinese economy could be adversely affected.
The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions in Chinese companies and other forms of regulation. Certain government policies may result in the preferential treatment of particular sectors or companies and may have a significant effect on the Chinese economy. Exports and trade are integral to the Chinese economy. As a result, adverse changes to the economic conditions of China’s primary trading partners, such as the United States, Japan and South Korea, could adversely impact the Chinese economy.
The tax laws and regulations in the PRC are subject to change, including the issuance of authoritative guidance or enforcement, possibly with retroactive effect. The interpretation, applicability and enforcement of such laws by the PRC tax authorities are not as consistent and transparent as those of more developed nations, and may vary over time and from region to region. The application and enforcement of the PRC tax rules could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its investors, particularly in relation to capital gains withholding tax imposed upon non-residents. In addition, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to Chinese companies may be less rigorous, and may result in significant differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with PRC accounting standards and practices and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards.
China operates under a civil law system, in which court precedent is not binding. The law is controlled exclusively through written statutes. Because there is no binding precedent to interpret existing statutes, there is also uncertainty regarding the implementation of existing law.
Hong Kong reverted to Chinese sovereignty on July 1, 1997 as a Special Administrative Region of the PRC under the principle of “one country, two systems.” Although China is obligated to maintain the current capitalist economic and social system of Hong Kong through June 30, 2047, the continuation of economic and social freedoms enjoyed in Hong Kong is dependent on the government of China. Since 1997, there have been tensions between the Chinese government and many people in Hong Kong who perceive China as tightening control over Hong Kong’s semi-autonomous liberal political, economic, legal and social framework. Recent protests and unrest have increased tensions even further. Due to the interconnected nature of the Hong Kong and Chinese economies, this instability in Hong Kong may cause uncertainty in the Hong Kong and Chinese markets. In addition, the Hong Kong dollar trades at a fixed exchange rate in relation to (or is “pegged” to) the U.S. dollar, which has contributed to the growth and stability of the Hong Kong economy. However, it is uncertain how long the currency peg will continue or what effect the establishment of an alternative exchange rate system would have on the Hong Kong economy.
Risk of Investing through Stock Connect
China A-shares are equity securities of companies domiciled in China that trade on Chinese stock exchanges such as the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”) and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) (“A-shares”). Foreign investment in A-shares on the SSE and SZSE has historically not been permitted, other than through a license granted
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under regulations in the PRC known as the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor systems.
Investment in eligible A-shares listed and traded on the SSE or SZSE is also permitted through the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program, as applicable (each, a “Stock Connect” and collectively, “Stock Connects”). Each Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing links program established by The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited (“HKSCC”), the SSE or SZSE, as applicable, and China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”) that aims to provide mutual stock market access between the PRC and Hong Kong by permitting investors to trade and settle shares on each market through their local securities brokers. Under Stock Connects, the Fund’s trading of eligible A-shares listed on the SSE or SZSE, as applicable, would be effectuated through its Hong Kong broker and a securities trading service company established by SEHK.
Stock Connects are subject to daily quota limitations which may restrict the Fund’s ability to invest in A-shares through the program on a timely basis. Investment quotas are also subject to change. Investment in eligible A-shares through a Stock Connect is subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that could pose risks to the Fund. A-shares purchased through Stock Connects generally may not be sold or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connects in accordance with applicable rules. In addition, Stock Connects will only operate on days when both the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading, and banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in A-shares through a Stock Connect may subject the Fund to a risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese market is open, but a Stock Connect is not trading. Moreover, day (turnaround) trading is not permitted on the A-shares market. If an investor buys A-shares on day “T,” the investor will only be able to sell the A-shares on or after day T+1. Further, since all trades of eligible A-shares must be settled in RMB, investors must have timely access to a reliable supply of offshore RMB, which cannot be guaranteed. There is also no assurance that RMB will not be subject to devaluation. Any devaluation of RMB could adversely affect the Fund’s investments. If the Fund holds a class of shares denominated in a local currency other than RMB, the Fund will be exposed to currency exchange risk if the Fund converts the local currency into RMB for investments in A-shares. The Fund may also incur conversion costs.
A-shares held through the nominee structure under a Stock Connect will be held through HKSCC as nominee on behalf of investors. The precise nature and rights of the Fund as the beneficial owner of stocks listed on the SSE market (“SSE Securities”) or SZSE market (“SZSE Securities”) through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under the PRC laws. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership under the PRC laws and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of the Fund under the PRC laws is also uncertain. In the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of the Fund or as part of the general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors. Notwithstanding the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants of Central Clearing and Settlement System (“CCASS”) informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to participate in them. Investors may only exercise their voting rights by providing their voting instructions to HKSCC through participants of CCASS. All voting instructions from CCASS participants will be consolidated by HKSCC, who will then submit a combined single voting instruction to the relevant SSE- or SZSE-listed company.
Market participants are able to participate in Stock Connects subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the “connectivity” in Stock Connects requires routing of orders across the border of Hong Kong and the PRC. This requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of SEHK and exchange participants. There is no assurance that the systems of SEHK and market participants will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in A-shares through Stock Connects could be disrupted.
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The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program launched in November 2014 and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program launched in December 2016 are both in their initial stages. There is no certainty as to how the current regulations will be applied or interpreted going forward, and new or revised regulations may be issued from time to time by the regulators and stock exchanges in China and Hong Kong in connection with operations, legal enforcement and cross-border trades under Stock Connects. In addition, there can be no assurance that Stock Connect will not be discontinued. The Fund may be adversely affected as a result of such changes. Furthermore, the securities regimes and legal systems of China and Hong Kong differ significantly and issues may arise from the differences on an on-going basis. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in both markets through Stock Connects could be disrupted and the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected. In addition, the Fund’s investments in A-shares through Stock Connects are generally subject to Chinese securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions. Further, different fees, costs and taxes are imposed on foreign investors acquiring A-shares through Stock Connects, and these fees, costs and taxes may be higher than comparable fees, costs and taxes imposed on owners of other securities providing similar investment exposure.
A-shares may only be bought from, or sold to, the Fund at times when the relevant A-shares may be sold or purchased on the relevant Chinese stock exchange. The A-shares market has a higher propensity for trading suspensions than many other global equity markets. Trading suspensions in certain stocks could lead to greater market execution risk and costs for the Fund. The SSE and SZSE currently apply a daily price limit, generally set at 10%, of the amount of fluctuation permitted in the prices of A-shares during a single trading day. The daily price limit refers to price movements only and does not restrict trading within the relevant limit. There can be no assurance that a liquid market on an exchange will exist for any particular A-share or for any particular time.
Risks of Investing in India
In addition to the risks of investing in emerging markets discussed above, investing in securities listed and traded in India involves other specific risks.
India is an emerging market and exhibits significantly greater market volatility from time to time in comparison to more developed markets. Political and legal uncertainty, greater government control over the economy, currency fluctuations or blockage and the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets may result in higher potential for losses. Moreover, governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in India, which could adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments. The securities markets in India are comparatively underdeveloped, and stockbrokers and other intermediaries may not perform as well as their counterparts in the United States and other more developed securities markets. The limited liquidity of the Indian securities markets may also affect the Fund’s ability to acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time that it desires.
Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. In addition, the Reserve Bank of India (“RBI”) has imposed limits on foreign ownership of Indian securities, which may decrease the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio and result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. These factors, coupled with the lack of extensive accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices, as compared to the United States, may increase the Fund’s risk of loss. Further, certain Indian regulatory approvals, including approvals from the Securities and Exchange Board of India, the RBI, the central government and the tax authorities (to the extent that tax benefits need to be utilized), may be required before the Fund can make investments in the securities of Indian companies.
Depositary Receipts
The Fund may also invest in the securities of foreign issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts and American Depositary Shares (collectively, “ADRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts and Global Depositary Shares (collectively, “GDRs”) and other forms of depositary receipts. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a United States bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. GDRs are receipts issued outside the United States typically by non-United States banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in the United States securities markets and GDRs in bearer form are designed for use outside the United States. These securities may be sponsored or unsponsored.
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For ADRs and GDRs, the depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. ADRs and GDRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, ADRs and GDRs do not eliminate all of the risks associated with directly investing in the securities of foreign issuers.
Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities. Generally, ADRs are issued in registered form, denominated in U.S. dollars. GDRs can involve additional currency risk since, unlike ADRs, they may not be U.S. Dollar-denominated. While the two types of depositary receipt facilities (unsponsored or sponsored) are similar, there are differences regarding a holder’s rights and obligations and the practices of market participants. A depository may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or acquiescence of) the underlying issuer; typically, however, the depository requests a letter of non-objection from the underlying issuer prior to establishing the facility. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of the facility. The depository usually charges fees upon deposit and withdrawal of the underlying securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S. dollars or other currency, the disposition of non-cash distributions, and the performance of other services. The depository of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting rights to depositary receipt holders with respect to the underlying securities.
Sponsored facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that sponsored ADRs and GDRs are established jointly by a depository and the underlying issuer through a deposit agreement. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the underlying issuer, the depository, and the receipt holders. With sponsored facilities, the underlying issuer typically bears some of the costs of the ADRs and GDRs (such as dividend payment fees of the depository), although most sponsored ADRs and GDRs agree to distribute notices of shareholders meetings, voting instructions, and other shareholder communications and information to the receipt holders at the underlying issuer’s request. The depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through, to the holders of the receipts, voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
Foreign Debt Securities
The returns on foreign debt securities reflect interest rates and other market conditions prevailing in those countries. The relative performance of various countries’ fixed-income markets historically has reflected wide variations relating to the unique characteristics of the country’s economy. Year-to-year fluctuations in certain markets have been significant, and negative returns have been experienced in various markets from time to time.
The foreign government securities in which the Fund may invest generally consist of obligations issued or backed by national, state or provincial governments or similar political subdivisions or central banks in foreign countries. Foreign government securities also include debt obligations of supranational entities, which include international organizations designated or backed by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development, international banking institutions and related government agencies. Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the “World Bank”), the Asian Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank.
Foreign government securities also include debt securities of “quasi-governmental agencies” and debt securities denominated in multinational currency units of an issuer (including supranational issuers). Debt securities of quasi-governmental agencies are issued by entities owned by either a national, state or equivalent government or are obligations of a political unit that is not backed by the national government’s full faith and credit and general taxing powers.
Convertible Securities
The Fund may invest in convertible securities, which are debt instruments or preferred stocks that make fixed dividend or interest payments and are convertible into common stock. Generally, the market prices of convertible securities tend to reflect price changes in their underlying common stocks, but also tend to respond inversely to changes in interest rates. Convertible securities typically entail less market risk than investments in the common stock
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of the same issuers. Declines in their market prices are typically not as pronounced as those of their underlying common stocks. Like all fixed-income securities, convertible securities are subject to the risk of default on their issuers’ payment obligations.
Lending of Fund Securities
The Fund may lend securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations. The Fund will not lend securities to FAM or its affiliates. By lending its securities, the Fund can increase its income by continuing to receive interest or dividends on the loaned securities as well as by either investing the cash collateral in short-term securities or by earning income in the form of interest paid by the borrower when U.S. Government securities or letters of credit are used as collateral. The Fund will adhere to the following conditions whenever its securities are loaned: (a) the Fund must receive at least 100% cash collateral or equivalent securities from the borrower; (b) the borrower must increase this collateral whenever the market value of the loaned securities including accrued interest exceeds the value of the collateral; (c) the Fund must be able to terminate the loan at any time; (d) the Fund must receive reasonable interest on the loan, as well as any dividends, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities and any increase in market value; (e) the Fund may pay only reasonable custodian fees in connection with the loan; and (f) voting rights on the loaned securities may pass to the borrower; provided, however, that if a material event adversely affecting the investment occurs, the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) must terminate the loan and regain the right to vote the securities.
The Fund bears a risk of loss in the event that the other party to a securities loan transaction defaults on its obligations and the Fund is delayed in or prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the collateral, including the risk of a possible decline in the value of the collateral securities during the period in which the Fund seeks to assert these rights, the risk of incurring expenses associated with asserting these rights and the risk of losing all or a part of the income from the transaction.
Repurchase Agreements
Under the terms of a repurchase agreement, the Fund would acquire a high quality money market instrument for a relatively short period (usually not more than one week) subject to an obligation of the seller to repurchase, and the Fund to resell, the instrument at an agreed price (including accrued interest) and time, thereby determining the yield during the Fund’s holding period. Repurchase agreements may be seen to be loans by the Fund collateralized by the underlying instrument. This arrangement results in a fixed rate of return that is not subject to market fluctuations during the Fund’s holding period and not necessarily related to the rate of return on the underlying instrument. The value of the underlying securities, including accrued interest, will be at least equal at all times to the total amount of the repurchase obligation, including interest. The Fund bears a risk of loss in the event that the other party to a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and the Fund is delayed in or prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the collateral securities, including the risk of a possible decline in the value of the collateral securities during the period in which the Fund seeks to assert these rights, the risk of incurring expenses associated with asserting these rights and the risk of losing all or part of the income from the agreement. The Manager reviews the creditworthiness of those banks, dealers and clearing corporations with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements to evaluate these risks and monitors on an ongoing basis the value of the securities subject to repurchase agreements to ensure that the value is maintained at the required level.
Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies, foreign or domestic, including those advised by the Manager. As a result, the Fund will indirectly be exposed to the risks of an investment in the underlying funds. Shares of other funds have many of the same risks as direct investments in common stocks or bonds. In addition, the value of the Fund’s shares is expected to rise and fall as the value of the underlying investment rises and falls. The market value of such funds’ shares may differ from the NAV of the particular fund. As a shareholder in a fund, the Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses. At the same time, the Fund would continue to pay its own investment management fees and other expenses. As a result, the Fund and its shareholders will be absorbing additional fees with respect to investments in other funds. To the extent that the Fund invests in affiliated underlying funds, the Manager has agreed to waive a portion of its management fee payable by the Fund in an amount
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equal to the management fee it earns as an investment adviser to the any affiliated underlying fund in which the Fund invests.
Privately Placed Securities
A private placement is an offering of a company’s securities that is not registered with the SEC and is not offered to the public. The issuers of privately placed securities are not typically subject to the same oversight and regulatory requirements, including disclosure and other investor protection requirements, to which public issuers are subject, and there may be very little public information available about the issuers and their performance. The sale or transfer of privately placed securities may be limited or prohibited by contract or law and such investments are generally considered to be illiquid. Privately placed securities are generally fair valued as they are not traded frequently. A Fund may be required to hold such positions for several years, if not longer, regardless of valuation, which may cause the Fund to be less liquid. As a result, investments in private placements can result in substantial or complete losses.
Temporary Defensive Position
The Fund may from time to time take temporary defensive investment positions that may be inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political, social or other conditions. When market conditions are unstable, or the Manager believes it is otherwise appropriate to reduce holdings in stocks, the Fund can invest in a variety of debt securities for defensive purposes. The Fund can also purchase these securities for liquidity purposes to meet cash needs due to the redemption of Fund shares, or to hold while waiting to reinvest cash received from the sale of other portfolio securities. The Fund can buy:
| • | high-quality, short-term money market instruments, including those issued by the U.S. Treasury or other government agencies; |
| • | commercial paper (short-term, unsecured, promissory notes of domestic or foreign companies); |
| • | short-term debt obligations of corporate issuers, certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances of domestic and foreign banks and savings and loan associations; and |
| • | repurchase agreements. |
Short-term debt securities would normally be selected for defensive or cash management purposes because they can normally be disposed of quickly and are not generally subject to significant fluctuations in principal value, and their value will be less subject to interest rate fluctuation than longer-term debt securities.
Certain money market funds must impose a mandatory liquidity fee on redemptions if daily net redemptions exceed 5% of their net assets and certain money market funds may impose a discretionary liquidity fee of up to 2% on redemptions if that fee is determined to be in the best interests of the money market fund. The amount of any mandatory liquidity fee imposed by a money market fund is required to represent a good faith estimate of the costs of liquidating a pro rata portion of each of the money market fund’s portfolio holdings to meet the redemptions, or 1% of the value of the shares redeemed if such an amount cannot be estimated. Such fees, if imposed, will reduce the amount the Fund receives on redemptions.
Cyber Security
With the increasing use of the internet and technology in connection with Fund operations, the Fund and its service providers are susceptible to greater operational and information security risks through breaches of cyber security. Cyber security breaches include stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally, “denial of service” attacks on websites, the unauthorized monitoring, misuse, loss, destruction or corruption of confidential information, unauthorized access to systems, compromises to networks or devices that the Fund and its service providers use to service Fund operations, and operational disruption or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Fund and its service providers. Cyber security breaches affecting the Fund or any of the Fund’s intermediaries or service providers may adversely impact the Fund and its shareholders, potentially resulting in financial losses or the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business. For instance, cyber security breaches may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the Fund’s ability to calculate NAVs, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential business information, impede trading, subject the Fund to regulatory fines or financial losses and/or cause reputational damage. The Fund may also incur additional costs for
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cyber security risk management programs designed to mitigate or prevent the risk of cyber security breaches. Such costs may be ongoing because threats of cyber attacks are constantly evolving. Issuers of securities in which the Fund invests are also subject to similar cyber security risks, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Fund’s investment in such companies to lose value. There can be no assurance that the Fund or its service providers, or the issuers of the securities in which the Fund invests, will not suffer losses relating to cyber security breaches in the future. In addition, the Fund has no control over the cybersecurity protections established by its service providers or third-party vendors. Despite reasonable precautions, the risk remains that such incidents could occur, and that such incidents could cause damage to individual investors due to the risk of exposing confidential personal data about investors to unintended parties. Increased geopolitical tensions may increase the risk of cyber attacks.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The investment restrictions numbered 1 through 7 below have been adopted by the Fund as fundamental policies. Under the 1940 Act, a “fundamental” policy may not be changed without the vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the Fund, which is defined in the 1940 Act as the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares present at the Fund meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares. The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy, which may be changed by the Board at any time. Under these restrictions, except as noted below, the Fund may not:
| 1. | Make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time; |
| 2. | Borrow money, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time; |
| 3. | Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time; |
| 4. | Purchase or sell real estate, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time; |
| 5. | Engage in the business of underwriting securities issued by others, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time; |
| 6. | Purchase or sell commodities, unless acquired as a result of owning securities or other instruments, but it may purchase, sell or enter into financial options and futures, forward and spot currency contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts or derivative instruments and may invest in securities or other instruments backed by commodities; and |
| 7. | Purchase any security, if, as a result of that purchase, the Fund would be concentrated in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries, except the Fund will concentrate in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in groups of industries in the information technology sector. This concentration limit does not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
For purposes of Investment Restriction No. 7, the 1940 Act does not define what constitutes “concentration” in an industry. The SEC staff has taken the position that investment of 25% or more of a fund’s total assets in one or more issuers conducting their principal activities in the same industry or group of industries constitutes concentration. It is possible that interpretations of concentration could change in the future. The policy in Investment Restriction No. 7 will be interpreted to refer to concentration as that term may be interpreted from time to time. The policy also will be interpreted to permit investment without limit in the following: the purchase of government securities, domestic bank deposit instruments, or tax-exempt securities issued by governments or their political subdivisions (excluding private activity municipal debt securities), or as otherwise permitted by the SEC. Accordingly, issuers of the foregoing securities will not be considered to be members of any industry. With respect to the Fund’s industry classifications, the Fund currently utilizes the classifications of any one or more third party sources and/or as defined by Fund
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management. The policy also will be interpreted to give broad authority to the Fund as to how to classify issuers within or among industries.
Additionally, for purposes of Investment Restriction No. 7, the percentage limitation applies at the time of purchase of the securities and a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from a change in the values of the securities or in the amount of the Fund’s assets will not constitute a violation of the restriction.
In addition, the Fund has adopted the following fundamental policies with respect to repurchase offers that cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined by the 1940 Act) and, if issued, preferred shares voting together as a single class, and of the holders of a majority of the outstanding preferred shares voting as a separate class:
| 1. | The Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, for at least 5% of the Shares outstanding at NAV, unless suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements. |
| 2. | Each repurchase request deadline will be determined in accordance with Rule 23c-3, as may be amended from time to time. Currently, Rule 23c-3 requires the repurchase request deadline to be no less than 21 and no more than 42 days after the Fund sends a notification to Shareholders of the repurchase offer. |
| 3. | Each repurchase pricing shall occur no later than the 14th calendar day after the repurchase request deadline, or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day. |
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE FUND
Biographical Information Pertaining to Trustees
The following table presents certain information regarding the Trustees of the Fund.
| Name (Year of Birth), and Address(1) |
Position(s) Held with the Fund and Length of Time Served |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Number of Funds in the Alger Fund Complex(3) which are Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships Held by Trustee During Past Five Years | ||||
| Interested Trustee(2): | ||||||||
| Hilary M. Alger (1961) |
Trustee (since inception) |
Non-profit Fundraising Consultant from 2015 to 2024, Schultz & Williams; Nonprofit Fundraising Consultant since 2014, Hilary Alger Consulting; Emeritus Trustee since 2020 and Trustee from 2013 to 2020, Philadelphia Ballet; School Committee Member from 2017 |
35 | Board of Directors, Alger Associates, Inc. | ||||
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| to 2023, Germantown Friends School; Trustee from 1995 to 2023, Target Margin Theater. |
||||||||
| Independent Trustees: | ||||||||
| Charles F. Baird, Jr. (1953) |
Chair of the Board, Trustee (since inception) |
Managing Partner of North Castle Partners (private equity securities group). |
35 | |||||
| Jean Brownhill (1977) |
Trustee (since inception) |
CEO and Founder since 2011, Swee10 Inc (home renovation referral company). |
35 | Board Member, The New Home Company Inc.; Board Member, HELP USA. | ||||
| Susan L. Moffet (1966) |
Trustee (since inception) |
Managing Director and Partner since 2014, and various other roles since 1993, Boston Consulting Group (“BCG”). |
35 | Board Member, Sequoia Parks Conservancy. | ||||
| Jay C. Nadel (1958) |
Trustee (since inception) |
Consultant since 2004. |
35 | Chairman of the Board of Trustees, City National Rochdale Funds (5 funds); Trustee, The Advisors’ Inner Circle Fund III (56 funds), Symmetry Panoramic Trust (8 funds), Gallery Trust (4 funds), Wilshire Private Assets Master Fund, and Wilshire Private Assets Fund; Director, Chiron Capital Allocation Fund Ltd., FS Alternatives Fund (Cayman), FS Managed Futures Fund (Cayman), FS Real Asset Fund (Cayman), and Legal & General Commodity | ||||
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| Strategy Fund Offshore Ltd.
Former Directorships: Trustee, Schroder Global Series Trust to 2021 (3 funds); Trustee, Schroder Series Trust to 2022 (2 funds); Wilshire Private Assets Tender Fund to 2024. | ||||||||
| David Rosenberg (1962) |
Trustee (since inception) |
Associate Professor of Law since August 2000, and Director of Robert Zicklin Center for Corporate Integrity since 2012, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, City University of New York. |
35 | |||||
| Nathan E. Saint-Amand M.D. (1938) |
Trustee (since inception) |
Medical doctor in private practice since 1970; Member of the Board of the Manhattan Institute (non-profit policy research) since 1988. |
35 | |||||
| (1) | The address of each Trustee is c/o Fred Alger Management, LLC, 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10004. |
| (2) | Ms. Alger is an “interested person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund by virtue of her ownership control of Alger Associates, Inc. (“Alger Associates”), which controls Alger Management and its affiliates. |
| (3) | “Alger Fund Complex” refers to the Fund and the six other registered investment companies managed by Alger Management. Each Trustee serves until an event of termination, such as death or resignation, or until his or her successor is duly elected. Each of the Trustees serves on the board of trustees of the other six registered investment companies in the Alger Fund Complex. |
Experience, Qualifications and Skills of Trustees
The Board believes that the significance of each Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes or skills is an individual matter (meaning that experience that is important for one Trustee may not have the same value for another) and that these factors are best evaluated at the board level, with no single Trustee, or particular factor, being indicative of board effectiveness. However, the Board believes that Trustees need to have the skills, experience and judgment necessary to address the issues directors of investment companies confront in fulfilling their duties to fund shareholders. These skills include the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties; the Board believes that its members satisfy this standard.
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Experience relevant to having this ability may be achieved through a Trustee’s educational background; business, professional training or practice (e.g., medicine or law), public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member (including the Board of the Fund) or as an executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. To assist them in evaluating matters under federal and state law, the Trustees are counseled by their own independent legal counsel, who participates in Board meetings and interacts with the Manager, and also may benefit from information provided by the Fund’s or the Manager’s counsel; both Board and Fund counsel have significant experience advising funds and fund board members. The Board and its committees have the ability to engage other experts as appropriate. The Board evaluates its performance on an annual basis.
| • | The following are among some of the specific experiences, qualifications, attributes or skills that each Trustee possesses (this supplements information provided in the table above), which the Board believes help the Trustees to exercise effective business judgment. Hilary M. Alger — In addition to her tenure as a Board member of all of the Alger Fund Complex funds (some since 2003), Ms. Alger has over 25 years experience in development for non- profit entities, and prior to that, worked as a securities analyst at Alger Management. Ms. Alger owns securities issued by, and serves on the Board of Directors of, Alger Associates. |
| • | Charles F. Baird, Jr. — In addition to his tenure as a Board member of all of the Alger Fund Complex funds (some since 2000), Chair of the Board of all of the Alger Fund Complex funds since January 2024, and his service as member and, since 2023, Chair of the Audit Committee of the Fund, Mr. Baird has over 35 years experience as a business entrepreneur, primarily focusing on private equity securities. His extensive experience in the investment business provides in-depth knowledge of industry practices and standards. |
| • | Jean Brownhill — Ms. Brownhill has over 20 years of leadership experience. As the founder and chief executive officer (“CEO”) of her company, Swee10, she led the development of a transformative marketplace in the construction industry, growing the platform from inception to managing nearly $3 billion in projects. Ms. Brownhill’s leadership focuses on integrating technology innovations and improving operational efficiencies, which have driven sustained, substantial growth. Additionally, she serves on public company, private company, and non-profit organization boards, applying her expertise in technology transformations and corporate governance to provide effective strategic oversights. |
| • | Susan L. Moffet — Ms. Moffet is an executive with over 20 years of operator, business strategy and deep functional experience. She brings strengths in building and scaling a tech organization at speed, building high performance teams, and driving organizational change. Ms. Moffet has broad experience in operations, financial planning, profit and loss oversight, talent strategy and risk management. She has had full accountability across the talent life cycle for BCG DV’s digital team including talent acquisition, compensation strategy and career development, as well as for assessing, purchasing and implementing technology and tools to support the business. |
| • | Jay C. Nadel — Mr. Nadel is a senior executive with a strong track record in overseeing and/or implementing process improvement and change management across a number of varied and diverse companies and industries. He has over 40 years of experience and knowledge of the financial services industry gained in a variety of leadership roles with an audit firm and various financial services firms. In addition, Mr. Nadel has served on numerous other fund and operating company boards. |
| • | David Rosenberg — In addition to his tenure as a Board member of all of the Alger Fund Complex funds since 2007, and his service on the Audit Committee of the Fund, Prof. Rosenberg has 20 years of experience as a professor of business law. He has written numerous law review articles on the fiduciary duties of corporate directors and other areas of corporate governance. Since 2012, Professor Rosenberg has served as the Director of the Robert Zicklin Center for Corporate Integrity at Baruch College. The Center is a forum for the discussion and exploration of ethical issues in finance and the broader business world. |
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| • | Nathan E. Saint-Amand, M.D. — In addition to his tenure as a Board member of all of the Alger Fund Complex funds (some since 1986), and his service on the Audit Committee of the Fund, Dr. Saint-Amand has been a medical doctor for over 45 years and has served on the boards of several non-profit entities. |
Board Leadership Structure and Oversight
The Fund is governed by the Board which is responsible for protecting the interests of shareholders under Delaware law.
The 1940 Act requires that at least 40% of the Trust’s trustees be Independent Trustees and as such not be affiliated with the Manager. To rely on certain exemptive rules under the 1940 Act, a majority of the Trust’s trustees must be Independent Trustees, and for certain important matters, such as the approval of investment advisory agreements or transactions with affiliates, the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder require the approval of a majority of the Independent Trustees. Currently, 86% of the Fund’s Trustees, including the Chair of the Board, are Independent Trustees. The Chair of the Board chairs Board meetings and executive sessions of the Independent Trustees, reviews and comments on Board meeting agendas, represents the views of the Independent Trustees to management and facilitates communication among the Independent Trustees and their counsel. The Board has determined that its leadership structure, in which the Chair of the Board is not affiliated with the Manager, is appropriate in light of the services that the Manager provides to the Fund and potential conflicts of interest that could arise from this relationship.
The Board has two standing committees: an Audit Committee and a Nominating Committee. The Audit Committee oversees (a) the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and its internal controls and (b) the quality and objectivity of the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof. The members of the Audit Committee are Charles F. Baird, Jr., Jay Nadel, David Rosenberg and Nathan E. Saint-Amand. The function of the Nominating Committee is, among other things, to select and nominate all candidates for election as Independent Trustees to the Board. The Nominating Committee, is composed of all the Independent Trustees.
While the Nominating Committee expects to be able to identify a sufficient number of qualified candidates on its own, it will consider nominations from shareholders that are submitted in writing to the Secretary of the Trust, c/o Fred Alger Management, LLC, 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, New York 10004. Any submission should include the following information as to each individual proposed for election or re-election as Trustee: the name, age, business address, residence address and principal occupation or employment of such individual, the class, series and number of shares of stock of the Fund that are beneficially owned by such individual, the date such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, whether such shareholder believes such individual is, or is not, an “interested person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, and information regarding such individual that is sufficient, in the discretion of the Nominating Committee, to make such determination, and all other information relating to such individual that is required to be disclosed in a solicitation of proxies for election of Trustees of a registered investment company in an election contest pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act (including such individual’s written consent to being named in a proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Trustee (if elected)). Any such submission must also be submitted by such date and contain such information as may be specified in the Fund By-laws. Risk oversight is part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund. As is the case with virtually all investment companies (as distinguished from operating companies), service providers to the Fund, primarily the Manager, have responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund, which includes responsibility for risk management (including management of investment performance and investment risk, valuation risk, liquidity risk, issuer and counterparty credit risk, compliance risk and operational risk). As part of its oversight, the Board, acting at its scheduled meetings, regularly interacts with and receives reports from senior personnel of service providers, including the Manager’s Chief Investment Officer (or a senior representative of his office) and portfolio management personnel, which include reports on the investment performance of the Fund.
The Board receives regular compliance reports prepared by the Fund and the Manager’s Chief Compliance Officer and meets regularly with the Chief Compliance Officer to discuss various compliance matters, including compliance risks. In accordance with SEC rules, the Independent Trustees meet regularly in executive session with the Fund and the Manager’s Chief Compliance Officer, and the Chief Compliance Officer prepares and presents an annual written compliance report to the Board. The Board’s Audit Committee meets during its scheduled meetings, and between meetings the Audit Committee chair maintains contact with the Fund independent registered public accounting firm and the Fund’s Principal Financial Officer.
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With respect to valuation risk, the Board oversees the Manager in its role as valuation designee and reviews periodic reporting addressing valuation matters with respect to the Fund, including the Manager’s annual assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of its process for determining the fair value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The Board also receives periodic presentations from senior personnel of the Manager regarding risk management generally, as well as periodic presentations regarding specific operational, compliance or investment areas. The Board also may receive special reports or presentations on a variety of matters, either upon the Board’s request or upon the initiative of the Manager. The Board receives reports from counsel to the Fund or counsel to the Manager and the Board’s own independent legal counsel regarding regulatory compliance and governance matters. The Board’s oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Fund’s investment activities.
Trustee Share Ownership
For each Trustee, the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Trustee in the Fund and in the Alger Fund Complex overseen by the Trustee as of December 31, 2025, is set forth in the table below. The ranges are as follows: A = none; B = $1 — $10,000; C = $10,001 — $50,000; D = $50,001 — $100,000; E = over $100,000.
| Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities of Funds in the Alger Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee | ||
| Interested Trustee: | ||||
| Hilary M. Alger |
A | E | ||
| Independent Trustees: | ||||
| Charles F. Baird, Jr. |
A | E | ||
| Jean Brownhill |
A | C | ||
| Susan L. Moffet |
A | D | ||
| Jay C. Nadel |
A | D | ||
| David Rosenberg |
A | E | ||
| Nathan E. Saint-Amand |
A | E | ||
Compensation of Trustees
Each Independent Trustee receives a fee of $183,000 per annum, paid pro rata based on net assets by each fund in the Alger Fund Complex, plus travel expenses incurred for attending meetings. The Independent Trustee appointed as Chair of the Board receives an additional compensation of $27,000 per annum paid pro rata based on net assets by each fund in the Alger Fund Complex. Additionally, each member of the Audit Committee receives a fee of $10,000 per annum, paid pro rata based on net assets by each fund in the Alger Fund Complex. Certain Independent Trustees who are members of the Nominating and Governance Committee and perform certain tasks on behalf of the Committee receive $5,000 per annum, paid pro rata based on net assets by each fund in the Alger Fund Complex. The Trustees have adopted a policy requiring Trustees to receive a minimum of 10% of their annual compensation in shares of the funds in the Alger Fund Complex. The Fund currently does not offer any pension or retirement benefits to Trustees. The following table sets forth the compensation expected to be paid by the Fund, and the total compensation expected to be paid by all funds in the Alger Fund Complex, to the Independent Trustees during the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027. The Interested Trustee is not paid compensation with respect to her role on the boards of the funds in the Alger Fund Complex.
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| Name of Independent Trustee | Aggregate Compensation from the Fund |
Total Compensation from the Alger Fund Complex | ||
| Charles F. Baird, Jr. |
$423 | $220,000 | ||
| Jean Brownhill |
$362 | $188,000 | ||
| Susan L. Moffet |
$362 | $188,000 | ||
| Jay C. Nadel |
$371 | $193,000 | ||
| David Rosenberg |
$371 | $193,000 | ||
| Nathan E. Saint-Amand |
$371 | $193,000 | ||
Information Pertaining to the Officers
Officers of the Fund, with information regarding their positions with the Fund and principal occupations, are shown below.
| Name (Year of Birth), Position with Fund and Address(1) |
|
Principal Occupations |
|
Officer Since | ||||
| Officers(2): | ||||||||
| Hal Liebes (1964) President, Principal Executive Officer |
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer (“COO”), and Secretary, Alger Management; COO and Secretary, Alger Associates, Inc. and Weatherbie Capital, LLC; COO, Vice President, Secretary and Manager, Alger Group Holdings, LLC and Alger Capital, LLC; Director, Alger SICAV; Executive Director and Chairman, Alger Management, Ltd.; Manager and Secretary, Alger Apple Real Estate LLC; Manager, Alger Partners Investors I, LLC, Alger Partners Investors II, LLC, Alger Partners Investors KEIGF, Alger Partners Investors-Crossbay LLC and Redwood Investments, LLC; Secretary, Alger Boulder I LLC. |
Inception | ||||||
| Tina Payne (1974) Secretary, Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Legal Officer |
Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) and Assistant Secretary, Alger Management; Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Alger LLC; CCO, Alger Management, Ltd. and Redwood Investments, LLC; Assistant Secretary, Weatherbie Capital, LLC; Vice President and Assistant |
Inception | ||||||
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|
|
Secretary, Alger Group Holdings, LLC. |
|
||||||
| Michael D. Martins (1965) Treasurer, Principal Accounting Officer, and Principal Financial Officer |
Senior Vice President, Alger Management. |
Inception | ||||||
| Sergio M. Pavone (1961) Assistant Treasurer |
Vice President, Alger Management. |
Inception | ||||||
| Christopher Hine (1978) Assistant Treasurer |
Vice President, Alger Management since 2021. Formerly, Director of Accounting & Operations for International Value Advisers, LLC. |
Inception | ||||||
| Sushmita Sahu (1981) AML Compliance Officer |
Vice President, Alger Management. |
Inception | ||||||
(1) The address of each officer is c/o Fred Alger Management, LLC, 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10004.
(2) Each officer’s term of office is one year. Each officer serves in the same capacity for the other funds in the Alger Fund Complex.
MANAGEMENT
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Management of the Fund.”
Investment Manager
FAM has been in the business of providing investment management services since 1964 and, as of December 31, 2025, FAM and its affiliates had approximately $33.7 billion in assets under management. FAM is directly owned by Alger Group Holdings, LLC, a financial services holding company. Alger Group Holdings and FAM are indirectly controlled by Hilary M. Alger, Nicole D. Alger and Alexandra D. Alger, who own approximately 99% of the voting rights of Alger Associates, Inc., the parent company of Alger Group Holdings.
FAM serves as investment adviser to the Fund and, subject to the general oversight by the Board, is responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Fund and the Manager (“Investment Advisory Agreement”). The Manager is a Delaware limited liability company with headquarters at 100 Pearl Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10004.
After an initial two-year term, the Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to the Fund is subject to annual approval by (1) the Board or (2) a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, provided that in either event such continuance also is approved by a majority of the Board who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund by a vote cast at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Investment Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty, on 60 days’ notice, by the Board or by a vote of the holders of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. The Investment Advisory Agreement is also terminable upon 60 days’ notice by the Manager and will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund has agreed to indemnify and hold the Manager harmless for certain losses and liabilities, including certain liabilities arising under the federal securities laws, unless such loss or liability results from the Manager’s willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or is the result of the Manager’s reckless disregard of its duties and obligations.
The Investment Advisory Agreement was initially approved by the Board at the Fund’s organizational meeting held on December 16, 2025. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment
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Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s first annual or semi-annual report to shareholders, which will be publicly filed with SEC.
Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer Agent
The Fund and The Bank of New York Mellon (“Administrator”), located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10286, have entered into a fund administration and accounting agreement (“Administration Agreement”). Under the Administration Agreement, the Administrator provides the Fund with administrative and fund accounting services, including providing certain operational, clerical, recordkeeping and/or bookkeeping services.
The Administration Agreement provides that the Administrator shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which the Administration Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Administrator in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its duties and obligations thereunder.
The Fund pays the Administrator for its services under the Administration Agreement. In addition, the Fund bears the expense for certain administrative services that the Administrator provides and will reimburse the Administrator for the cost of such services.
The Bank of New York Mellon (“Custodian”), located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10286, serves as custodian for the Fund pursuant to a custody agreement between the Fund and the Custodian. As the Fund’s custodian, the Custodian holds the Fund’s assets. The Custodian may be reimbursed by the Fund for its out-of-pocket expenses.
UMB Fund Services, Inc., located at 235 W. Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212, serves as the Fund’s transfer agent (“Transfer Agent”) pursuant to a transfer agency and service agreement.
Portfolio Manager Compensation
A FAM portfolio manager’s compensation generally consists of salary and an annual bonus. In addition, portfolio managers are eligible for health and retirement benefits available to all FAM employees, including a 401(k) plan sponsored by FAM. A portfolio manager’s base salary is typically a function of the portfolio manager’s experience (with consideration given to type, investment style and size of investment portfolios previously managed), education, industry knowledge and the individual’s performance in his or her role. Base salaries will grow over time for FAM’s superior employees, rewarding their performance and contributions to the firm.
Cash bonus may be a significant portion of an individual’s compensation and can vary from year to year. The annual bonus considers various factors, including:
| • | the firm’s overall financial results and profitability; |
| • | the firm’s collective investment management performance; |
| • | an individual’s adherence to FAM’s investment process, generating investment ideas and overall performance of our clients’ portfolios (both relative and absolute); |
| • | qualitative assessment of an individual’s performance with respect to FAM’s standards; and |
| • | the individual’s leadership contribution within the firm. |
While the benchmarks and peer groups used in determining a portfolio manager’s compensation may change from time to time, FAM may refer to benchmarks, such as those provided by Russell Investments and S&P Global Ratings, and peer groups, such as those provided by Lipper Inc. and Morningstar Inc., that are widely-recognized by the investment industry.
FAM has implemented a profit participation plan (“PPP”) that gives key personnel the opportunity to have equity-like participation in the long-term growth and profitability of the firm. Members of the firm are eligible to receive awards annually in the PPP. The PPP reinforces the portfolio managers’ commitment to generating superior
29
investment performance for the firm’s clients. The awards are invested in FAM-sponsored mutual funds and ETFs and have a four-year vesting schedule. The total award earned can increase or decrease with the firm’s investment and earnings results over the four-year period.
Additionally, the Alger Partners Plan provides key investment and non-investment executives with phantom equity that allows participants pro-rata rights to growth in the firm’s book value, dividend payments and participation in any significant corporate transactions (e.g. partial sale, initial public offering, merger, etc.). The firm does not have a limit on the overall percentage of the firm’s value it will convey through this program. Participation in this program is determined annually.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
The numbers and assets of other accounts managed by the portfolio managers of the Fund as of March 31, 2026, are as follows. Except as noted below, no account’s management fee is based on the performance of the account.
| Registered Investment Companies |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
Other Accounts | ||||||||||
| Dan C. Chung* |
16 | $11,199,223,186 | 5 |
$843,965,255 | 33 |
$2,959,890,448 | ||||||
| Ankur Crawford |
8 | $15,025,977,255 | 7 |
$1,005,405,426 | 46 |
$3,866,018,370 | ||||||
| * | The portfolio manager also manages Alger Dynamic Return Fund, a hedge fund included as a pooled investment vehicle. The advisory fee of Alger Dynamic Return Fund is based on the performance of the account, which had assets of approximately $52 million as of March 31, 2026. |
Securities Owned by the Portfolio Managers
The following table shows each current portfolio manager’s beneficial interest as of March 31, 2026, by dollar range, in the shares of the Fund(s) that he or she manages. The ranges are as follows: A = none; B = $1 — $10,000; C = $10,001 — $50,000; D = $50,001 — $100,000; E = $100,001 — $500,000; F = $500,001 — $1,000,000; G = over $1,000,000.
| Portfolio Manager
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
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Conflicts of Interest
Information in the following discussion relating to the business, practices, policies and rights of FAM and its affiliates has been provided by FAM.
Summary
FAM is under common ownership with Weatherbie Capital, LLC (“Weatherbie”), a registered investment adviser based in Boston, Massachusetts, Redwood Investments, LLC (“Redwood”), a registered investment adviser based in Boston, Massachusetts, and Alger Management, Ltd., a UK registered investment adviser. FAM provides significant management, distribution, administration, back-office, legal and compliance, and trading support for Weatherbie, Redwood, and Alger Management, Ltd. Weatherbie and Redwood each serve as a sub-adviser for a number of FAM’s accounts, including certain of the Alger Family of Funds. FAM serves as a sub-adviser to Alger Management, Ltd. for certain accounts, including as sub-portfolio manager for Alger SICAV.
FAM is also under common ownership with Fred Alger & Company, LLC (“FAC”), a registered broker-dealer. FAC serves as the principal underwriter for the Fund, as a placement agent for certain private funds managed by FAM and Weatherbie Capital, LLC, as a broker-dealer for U.S. listed equity securities trades placed on behalf of certain clients of FAM, and provides distribution support to Alger Management, Ltd. for the Alger SICAV. FAC does not conduct public brokerage business and substantially all of its transactions are in U.S. equities for those FAM clients who authorize FAM to use FAC as a broker, provided that relevant regulations that govern their accounts allow it. FAC does not act as principal in any client trade nor does it underwrite the offering of securities (except as the
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principal underwriter for the Fund). On a regular basis, FAM evaluates whether the commissions, rates and fees charged by FAC are commercially reasonable. Certain employees and officers of FAM serve as registered representatives and principals of FAC.
In addition to serving as investment adviser of the ETFs and mutual funds in the Alger Family of Funds, FAM is the investment manager for Alger Dynamic Return Fund, Alger Life Sciences Innovation Fund, and Alger Life Sciences Innovation Offshore Fund, each of which is a privately offered fund. FAM serves as the sub-portfolio manager for Alger SICAV, a publicly offered fund registered in Luxembourg, other jurisdictions in the European Union, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Japan, Korea, and Singapore. Not all sub-funds of the Alger SICAV are registered in these jurisdictions. FAM also serves as a sub-adviser to third-party registered and private funds, as well as bank collective investment trusts. From time to time, FAM, its affiliates or a related person (“Alger Affiliates”) may own significant stakes in one or more of the above entities.
From time to time, FAM, FAC, Weatherbie, Redwood, Alger Group Holdings, or Alger Associates, or other affiliated persons may hold controlling positions in certain pooled investment vehicles, such that they are considered affiliates.
Conflicts as a Result of the Manager’s Other Affiliates
Alger Affiliates also have other direct and indirect interests in the equity markets, directly or through investments in pooled products, in which the Fund directly and indirectly invests. Investors should be aware that this may cause Alger Affiliates to have conflicts that could disadvantage the Fund.
As a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), FAM is required to file and maintain a registration statement on Form ADV with the SEC. Form ADV contains information about assets under management, types of fee arrangements, types of investments, conflicts and potential conflicts of interest, and other relevant information regarding FAM. FAM’s Form ADV is available on the SEC’s website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov).
Client Recommendations. FAM may recommend to clients that they purchase interests in certain funds for which FAM serves as investment adviser or sub-adviser and/or in which FAM and related persons have a financial interest. FAM and such related persons will fully disclose such financial interests to all clients to which such recommendations are given in accordance with applicable regulations.
Selection of Administrative and Other Service Providers. Alger Affiliates may provide administrative services, shareholder services, and other account services to the Fund. While any such engagement would be on market terms, it will nevertheless result in greater benefit to FAM than hiring a similarly qualified unaffiliated service provider.
In connection with these services and subject to applicable law, Alger Affiliates, including FAM, may from time to time, and without notice to investors or clients, insource or outsource certain processes or functions that it provides in its administrative or other capacities. Such insourcing or outsourcing may give rise to additional conflicts of interest, including which processes or functions to insource or outsource, which entity to outsource to, and the fees charged by Alger Affiliates or the third party. FAM maintains policies designed to mitigate the conflicts described herein; however, such policies may not fully address all situations described above.
Information FAM May Receive. FAM and its affiliates may have or be deemed to have access to information about certain markets, investments and funds because of Alger Affiliates’ activities. Alger Affiliates may therefore possess information which, if known to FAM, might cause FAM to seek to dispose of, retain or increase interests in investments held by the Fund, or acquire certain positions on behalf of the Fund. Moreover, FAM and its affiliates may come into possession of material, non-public information that would prohibit or otherwise limit its ability to trade on behalf of the Fund. FAM maintains policies designed to mitigate the conflicts described in this paragraph; however, such policies may not fully address situations described above.
Resources Shared Among Alger Affiliates. FAM shares certain resources with, receives certain services from, and provides certain services to various Alger Affiliates. Additionally, FAM, Weatherbie, and Redwood can share general information with respect to regulatory developments and industry trends affecting or potentially affecting U.S.
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and/or foreign markets, sectors, industries, and specific companies. Such relationships may present conflicts with FAM’s provision of advisory services to its clients, including the Fund.
Allocation Issues
Conflicts can emerge due to how FAM manages accounts or funds and allocates investment opportunities. To attempt to treat all clients reasonably in light of all factors relevant to managing an account, aggregated trades will generally be allocated pro rata among the accounts, including the Fund, whenever possible. There are exceptions to this practice, however, as described below:
Unusual Market Conditions. During periods of unusual market conditions, FAM may deviate from its normal trade allocation practices. During such periods, FAM will seek to exercise a disciplined process for determining its actions to appropriately balance the interests of all accounts, including the Fund, as it determines in its sole discretion.
Availability of Investments. The availability of certain investments such as IPOs or private placements may be limited. In such cases, all accounts (including the Fund) may not receive an allocation, and the performance of accounts which receive such allocations may be higher or lower than other accounts.
FAM, as a general practice, allocates IPOs and other limited availability investments pro rata among eligible accounts (including the Fund) as requested by portfolio managers and in accordance with applicable policies and procedures. An account or accounts may not receive an allocation because it lacks available cash, is restricted from making certain investments, is considered an Alger Affiliate, is so large that the allocation is determined to be insignificant or is so small that it would receive little or no allocation. Moreover, Alger Affiliates accounts may receive an allocation of an opportunity not allocated to other accounts.
Differing Guidelines, Objectives and Time Horizons. Because accounts (including the Fund) are managed according to different strategies and individual client guidelines, certain accounts may not be able to participate in a transaction or strategy employed by FAM.
Actions taken by one account could affect others. A sale of securities by one account may cause a decline in the market value of those securities and other securities of the same issuer, having a material adverse effect on the performance of other accounts (including the Fund) that hold those securities and do not sell such positions.
FAM may also develop and implement new investment approaches, which may not be employed in all accounts or pro rata among the accounts where they are employed, even if the approach is consistent with the objectives of all accounts. FAM may make decisions regarding the allocation of new investment approaches based on such factors as strategic fit and other portfolio management considerations, including an account’s capacity for such approach, the liquidity of the approach and its underlying instruments, the account’s liquidity, the business risk of the approach relative to the account’s overall portfolio make-up, the effectiveness of, or return expectations from, the approach for the account, and any such other factors as FAM deems relevant in its sole discretion. For example, such a determination may, but will not necessarily, include consideration of the fact that a particular approach will not have a meaningful impact on an account given the overall size of the account, the limited availability of opportunities in the approach and the availability of other approaches for the account. For ease of management, FAM may group accounts with similar guidelines together for portfolio management purposes. As a result, an account may not invest in certain securities that its guidelines would allow because other similar accounts restrict such holdings. This could affect the performance of the account.
Investing in Different Classes of the Same Issuer. Conflicts also arise when one or more account (including the Fund) invests in different classes of securities of the same issuer. As a result, one or more accounts may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a particular issuer in which the Fund has invested, and those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. For example, if an account holds debt securities of an issuer and the Fund holds equity securities of the same issuer, if the issuer experiences financial or operational challenges, the account which holds the debt securities may seek a liquidation of the issuer, whereas the Fund which holds the equity securities may prefer a reorganization of the issuer. In addition, FAM may also, in certain circumstances, pursue or enforce rights with respect to a particular issuer jointly on behalf of one or more accounts, the Fund, or Alger Affiliates. The Fund may be negatively impacted by Alger Affiliates’ and other accounts’ activities, and transactions for the Fund may be impaired
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or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case had Alger Affiliates and other accounts not pursued a particular course of action with respect to the issuer of the securities.
Conflicts Related to Timing of Transactions. While FAM will aggregate trades on behalf of similarly situated clients (including the Fund), there are instances when FAM places a trade ahead of, or contemporaneously with, trades for another account. In such cases, market impact, liquidity constraints, or other factors could result in the second account receiving less favorable trading results. The costs of implementing trades could be increased or the other account could otherwise be disadvantaged.
Although investment recommendations can apply to securities held across multiple strategies and held in multiple individual accounts, each account is managed separately. While FAM will use reasonable efforts to obtain timely execution across all accounts that may be affected by an investment recommendation, there can be no guarantee that such investment recommendation will be implemented simultaneously. It is possible that prior execution for or on behalf of an account or group of accounts could adversely affect the prices and availability of the securities and instruments for other accounts that later seek to trade the same securities or instruments.
FAM can delay an order for one account or group of accounts to allow portfolio managers of other strategies to participate in the same trade. In some instances, internal policies designed to facilitate trade aggregation may result in delays in placing trades, which may adversely affect trade execution.
Cross Transactions. From time to time and for a variety of reasons, certain accounts may buy or sell positions in a particular security while the Fund is undertaking the opposite strategy, which could disadvantage the Fund. To reduce this negative impact, when permitted by applicable law and when otherwise practical to do so, the accounts will enter into “cross transactions.” A cross transaction, or cross trade, occurs when the Manager causes the Fund to buy a security from, or sell a security to, another client of FAM or Alger Affiliates. FAM will ensure that any such cross transactions are effected in accordance with applicable law and policies and procedures.
Valuation of Assets. Alger Affiliates may have a conflict of interest in valuing the securities and other assets in which the Fund may invest. FAM is generally paid an advisory fee based on the value of the assets under management, so more valuable securities will result in a higher advisory fee. FAM may also benefit from showing better performance or higher account values on periodic statements.
Certain securities and other assets in which the Fund may invest may not have a readily ascertainable market value and will be valued by FAM in accordance with the valuation guidelines described in the valuation procedures adopted by the Fund. Such securities and other assets may constitute a substantial portion of the Fund’s investments. FAM’s risk of misstating the value of securities is greater with respect to illiquid securities like those just described.
Alger Affiliates may hold proprietary positions in the Fund. One consequence of such proprietary positions is that FAM may be incented to misstate the value of illiquid securities.
Regulatory Conflicts. From time to time, the activities of the Fund may be restricted because of regulatory or other requirements applicable to Alger Affiliates and/or their internal policies designed to comply with, limit the applicability of, or otherwise relate to such requirements. As a result, Alger Affiliates may implement internal restrictions that delay or prevent trades for the Fund, which could result in less favorable execution of trades and may impact the performance of the Fund.
Certain activities and actions may be considered to result in reputational risk or disadvantage for the management of the Fund and FAM as well as for other Alger Affiliates. Such situations could arise if Alger Affiliates serve as directors of companies the securities of which the Fund wishes to purchase or sell or is representing or providing financing to another potential purchaser. The larger FAM’s investment advisory business and Alger Affiliates’ businesses, the larger the potential that these restricted list policies will impact the performance of the Fund.
Other Potential Conflicts Relating to the Management of the Fund by the Manager
Potential Conflicts Relating to Alger Affiliates’ Proprietary Activities and Activities On Behalf of Other Accounts. FAM or Alger Affiliates may invest in equity or fixed-income securities that it recommends to its clients. The results achieved by Alger Affiliates proprietary accounts may differ from those achieved for other accounts. FAM
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will manage the Fund and its other client/Alger Affiliates accounts in accordance with their respective investment objectives and guidelines. However, FAM may give advice, and take action, with respect to any current or future client/Alger Affiliates accounts that may compete or conflict with the advice FAM may give to the Fund including with respect to the return of the investment, the timing or nature of action relating to the investment or method of exiting the investment.
The directors, officers and employees of Alger Affiliates, including FAM, may buy and sell securities or other investments for their own accounts (including through investment funds managed by Alger Affiliates, including FAM). As a result of differing trading and investment strategies or constraints, positions may be taken by directors, officers and employees that are the same, different from or made at different times than positions taken for the Fund. To reduce the possibility that the Fund will be materially adversely affected by the personal trading described above, FAM has established policies and procedures that restrict securities trading in the personal accounts of investment professionals and others who normally come into possession of information regarding the Fund’s portfolio transactions. FAM has adopted a code of ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) and monitoring procedures relating to certain personal securities transactions by personnel of FAM which FAM deems to involve potential conflicts involving such personnel, client/Alger Affiliates accounts managed by FAM and the Fund. The Code of Ethics requires that personnel of FAM comply with all applicable federal securities laws and with the fiduciary duties and anti-fraud rules to which FAM is subject. The Code of Ethics is available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov.
Potential Conflicts in Connection With Proxy Voting
FAM has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions that it makes on behalf of clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with FAM’s fiduciary obligations to its clients. Notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions of FAM may have the effect of favoring the interests of other clients or Alger Affiliates provided that FAM believes such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary obligations. In other words, regardless of what FAM’s conflict of interest is, the importance placed on exercising a client’s right to vote dictates that FAM will cast the vote in accordance with its voting guidelines even if FAM, its affiliate, or its client, somehow, indirectly, benefits from that vote. For a more detailed discussion of these policies and procedures, see the section of this SAI entitled “Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures.”
Conflicts in Connection with Sales-Related Incentives
FAM has entered into solicitation agreements with each of Weatherbie and Redwood, and may introduce prospective clients to Weatherbie and Redwood. Subject to the terms of these agreements and applicable federal securities laws, each of Redwood and Weatherbie pays FAM an annual solicitation fee for such services. While FAM does not receive compensation for sales of its accounts (including the Fund), except with respect to the solicitation agreements with each of Weatherbie and Redwood, FAC serves as the principal underwriter for the funds advised by FAM (or sub-advised by Redwood and Weatherbie) and, in some cases, receives an asset-based fee for distribution and/or shareholder servicing from such funds. In addition, FAC may act as a placement agent for certain private funds managed by FAM and its affiliates, and may receive compensation for such services from FAM, its affiliates or the private funds.
FAC sales personnel receive commission-based compensation for the sale of products or services for which FAM serves as an adviser. Such commission-based compensation may be higher for some products or services than others and thus the incentive to sell those products may be greater. This practice may present a conflict of interest and give FAC sales personnel an incentive to recommend investment products based on the commission they would receive, rather than on a client’s needs. However, FAC provides regular employee training to sales personnel on their responsibility to put clients’ best interests first when recommending investment products. Clients have the option to purchase investment products that FAC sales personnel recommend through other brokers or agents that are not affiliated with FAM or FAC. For the avoidance of doubt, FAC sales personnel do not recommend investment products to retail investors.
Alger Affiliates may also have relationships with, and purchase, or distribute or sell, services or products from or to, distributors, consultants and others who recommend the Fund, or who engage in transactions with or for
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the Fund. For example, Alger Affiliates regularly participate in industry and consultant sponsored conferences and may purchase educational, data related or other services from consultants or other third parties that it deems to be of value to its personnel and its business. The products and services purchased from consultants may include, but are not limited to, those that help Alger Affiliates understand the consultant’s points of view on the investment management process. Consultants and other parties that provide consulting or other services or provide service platforms for employee benefit plans to potential investors in the Fund may receive fees from Alger Affiliates or the Fund in connection with the distribution of shares in the Fund or other Alger Affiliates products. For example, Alger Affiliates may enter into revenue or fee sharing arrangements with consultants, service providers, and other intermediaries relating to investments in mutual funds, ETFs or other products or services offered or managed by FAM. Alger Affiliates may also pay a fee for membership in industry-wide or state and municipal organizations or otherwise help sponsor conferences and educational forums for investment industry participants including, but not limited to, trustees, fiduciaries, consultants, administrators, state and municipal personnel and other clients. Alger Affiliates’ membership in such organizations allows Alger Affiliates to participate in these conferences and educational forums and helps Alger Affiliates interact with conference participants and to develop an understanding of the points of view and challenges of the conference participants. In addition, Alger Affiliates’ personnel, including employees of Alger Affiliates, may have board, advisory, brokerage or other relationships with issuers, distributors, consultants and others that may have investments in the Fund or that may recommend investments in the Fund or distribute the Fund. In addition, Alger Affiliates, including FAM, may make charitable contributions to institutions, including those that have relationships with clients or personnel of clients. Personnel of Alger Affiliates may also make political contributions. As a result of the relationships and arrangements described in this paragraph, consultants, distributors and other parties may have conflicts associated with their promotion of the Fund or other dealings with the Fund that create incentives for them to promote the Fund or certain portfolio transactions.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, Alger Affiliates or the Fund may make payments to authorized dealers and other financial intermediaries (“Intermediaries”) from time to time to promote client/Alger Affiliates accounts, the Fund and other products. In addition to placement fees, sales loads or similar distribution charges, payments may be made out of Alger Affiliates’ assets, or amounts payable to Alger Affiliates rather than a separately identified charge to the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts or other products. Such payments may compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts and other products (which may consist of payments resulting in or relating to the inclusion of the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts and other products on preferred or recommended fund lists or in certain sales programs from time to time sponsored by the Intermediaries); access to the Intermediaries’ registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; fees for directing investors to the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts and other products; “finders fees” or “referral fees” or other fees for providing assistance in promoting the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts and other products (which may include promotions in communications with the Intermediaries’ customers, registered representatives and salespersons); and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund, client/Alger Affiliates accounts and other products. Such payments may be a fixed dollar amount; may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by an Intermediary; may be based on a percentage of the value of interests sold to, or held by, customers of the Intermediary involved; or may be calculated on another basis. The payments may also, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, contribute to various non-cash and cash incentive arrangements to promote certain products, as well as sponsor various educational programs, sales contests and/or promotions. Furthermore, subject to applicable law, such payments may also pay for the travel expenses, meals, lodging and entertainment of Intermediaries and their salespersons and guests in connection with educational, sales and promotional programs. The additional payments by Alger Affiliates may also compensate Intermediaries for subaccounting, administrative and/or shareholder processing or other investor services that are in addition to the fees paid for these services by such products.
The payments made by Alger Affiliates or the Fund may be different for different Intermediaries. The payments may be negotiated based on a range of factors, including but not limited to, ability to attract and retain assets, target markets, customer relationships, quality of service and industry reputation. Payment arrangements may include breakpoints in compensation which provide that the percentage rate of compensation varies as the dollar value of the amount sold or invested through an Intermediary increases. The presence of these payments and the basis on which an Intermediary compensates its registered representatives or salespersons may create an incentive for a particular Intermediary, registered representative or salesperson to highlight, feature or recommend certain products based, at least in part, on the level of compensation paid.
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Potential Conflicts in Connection with Brokerage Transactions
Trade Aggregation. If FAM believes that the purchase or sale of a security is in the best interest of more than one account (including the Fund), it has the option to aggregate these orders.
When trades are aggregated prevailing trading activity frequently may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold. When this occurs, the various prices are generally averaged, and a participating account will be charged or credited with the average price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of an individual account.
Orders to purchase or sell the same security are not aggregated in certain circumstances. This may be the case when there is a reasonable distinction between or among the orders. For example, orders without specific price requirements do not have to be aggregated with orders that are to be executed at a specific price. Also, certain accounts may be excluded from an aggregated trade if an account or accounts have a greater relative need to trade separately from other accounts due to legal, risk, tax, or other investment considerations.
FAM maintains policies and procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to deal equitably with conflicts of interest that may arise when orders are aggregated. FAM may aggregate trades for its clients (including the Fund) and Alger Affiliates in private placements pursuant to internally developed procedures. In such cases, FAM will negotiate the material terms of such investments, including the price of such investments, and will prepare a written allocation statement reflecting the allocation of the private securities.
Soft Dollars. FAM primarily relies on its in-house research to provide buy and sell recommendations. However, FAM does acquire research services provided by third party vendors, some of which it pays for with brokerage fees and commissions, sometimes referred to as “soft dollars.” The services that FAM may receive include: management meetings; conferences; research on specific industries; research on specific companies; macroeconomic analyses; analyses of national and international events and trends; access to experts on a particular sector, industry or security; evaluations of thinly traded securities; computerized trading screening techniques and securities ranking services; general research services (i.e. Bloomberg, FactSet); alternative data subscriptions.
Consistent with the “safe harbor” provisions of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act, FAM will sometimes select brokers that charge higher commissions to provide brokerage and research services than would be charged by brokers providing trade execution services only. This benefits FAM because it does not have to pay for the research, products, or services. Such benefit gives FAM an incentive to select a broker-dealer based on its interest in receiving the research, products, or services rather than on its clients’ interest in receiving the most favorable execution.
FAM periodically monitors execution and commission rates for trades placed with such brokers to assess the overall quality of such trade executions versus comparable trades with non “soft dollar” brokers. Research or other services obtained in this manner is used in servicing any or all of the Fund and other accounts. This includes accounts other than those that pay commissions to the broker providing soft dollar benefits. Therefore, such products and services may disproportionately benefit certain client/Alger Affiliates accounts, including the Fund, to the extent that the commissions from such accounts are not used to purchase such services.
FAM has entered into commission sharing arrangements, which enable FAM to aggregate commissions at a particular broker-dealer. FAM can then direct that particular broker-dealer to pay various other broker-dealers from this pool of aggregate commissions for research and research services the broker-dealers have provided to FAM. These arrangements allow FAM to limit the broker-dealers it trades with, while maintaining valuable research relationships.
In certain cases, a research service may serve additional functions that are not related to the making of investment decisions (such as accounting, record keeping or other administrative matters). Where a product obtained with commissions has such a mixed use, FAM will make a good faith allocation of the cost of the product according to its use. FAM will not use soft dollars to pay for services that provide only administrative or other non-research assistance.
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CODE OF ETHICS
FAM, FAC, and the Fund have adopted a joint Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act.
FAM personnel (“Access Persons”) are permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including transactions in securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, subject to the restrictions and procedures of the Code of Ethics. Pursuant to the Code of Ethics, Access Persons generally must pre-clear all personal securities transactions prior to trading and are subject to certain prohibitions on personal trading. You can obtain a copy of the Code of Ethics by calling the Fund toll-free at (800) 992-3863. Additionally, the Code of Ethics is available on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. A copy of the Code of Ethics may be obtained from the SEC, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request to publicinfo@sec.gov.
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES
Decisions to buy and sell securities and other financial instruments for the Fund are made by the Manager, which also is responsible for placing these transactions, subject to the overall review of the Board. Although investment requirements for the Fund are reviewed independently from those of the other accounts or funds managed by the Manager, investments of the type the Fund may make may also be made by these other accounts or funds. When the Fund and one or more other funds or other accounts managed by the Manager are prepared to invest in, or desire to dispose of, the same security or other financial instrument, available investments or opportunities for sales will be allocated in a manner believed by the Manager to be equitable to each. In some cases, this procedure may affect adversely the price paid or received by the Fund or the size of the position obtained or disposed of by the Fund.
Transactions in equity securities are in most cases effected on U.S. and foreign stock exchanges or in over-the-counter markets and involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Where there is no stated commission, as in the case of certain securities traded in the over-the-counter markets, the prices of those securities include undisclosed commissions or mark-ups. Purchases and sales of money market instruments and debt securities usually are principal transactions. These securities are normally purchased directly from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker for the securities. The cost of securities purchased from underwriters includes an underwriting commission or concession and the prices at which securities are purchased from and sold to dealers include a dealer’s mark-up or mark-down. U.S. Government securities are generally purchased from underwriters or dealers, although certain newly-issued U.S. Government securities may be purchased directly from the U.S. Treasury or from the issuing agency or instrumentality.
In the Manager’s view, companies continuously undergo changes in response to, among other things, economic, market, environmental, technological, political and managerial factors. Generally, securities will be purchased for capital appreciation. As a result, the Fund may dispose of securities without regard to the time they have been held when such action, for defensive or other purposes, appears advisable. Moreover, it is the Manager’s philosophy to pursue the Fund’s investment objective by managing the Fund actively, which may result in high portfolio turnover. The portfolio turnover rate for the Fund will included in the financial highlights section of the Fund’s Prospectus. Increased portfolio turnover will have the effect of increasing the Fund’s brokerage and custodial expenses.
To the extent consistent with applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules and exemptions adopted by the SEC thereunder, as well as other regulatory requirements, the Board has determined that Fund portfolio transactions may be executed through Fred Alger & Company, LLC (“FAC” or the “Distributor”), a registered broker-dealer, if, in the judgment of the Manager, the use of FAC is likely to result in price and execution at least as favorable as those of other qualified broker-dealers and if, in particular transactions, FAC charges the Fund a rate consistent with that which other broker-dealers charge to comparable unaffiliated customers in similar transactions. Over-the-counter purchases and sales are transacted directly with principal market makers except in cases in which better prices and executions may be obtained elsewhere. Principal transactions are not entered into with affiliates of the Fund except pursuant to exemptive rules or orders adopted by the SEC.
In selecting brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund, the Manager seeks the best overall terms available. In assessing the best overall terms available for any transaction, the Manager will consider the factors it deems relevant, including the breadth of the market in the investment, the price of the
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investment, the financial condition and execution capability of the broker or dealer and the reasonableness of the commission, if any, for the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. In addition, the Manager is authorized, in selecting parties to execute a particular transaction and in evaluating the best overall terms available, to consider the brokerage and research services, as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act, provided to the Fund, and/or other funds and accounts over which the Manager or its affiliates exercise investment discretion to the extent permitted by law. The Manager’s fees under its agreements with the Fund are not reduced by reason of its receiving brokerage and research services. The Board periodically reviews the commissions paid by the Fund to determine if the commissions paid over representative periods of time are reasonable in relation to the benefits inuring to the Fund.
Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, no information regarding brokerage commissions paid is available.
TAX STATUS
As soon as practicable, the Fund intends to elect to be treated, and to continuously qualify each year thereafter, as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that the Fund timely distributes (or is deemed to timely distribute) to its shareholders as dividends. Instead, dividends the Fund distributes (or is deemed to timely distribute) to shareholders generally will be taxable to shareholders, and any net operating losses, foreign tax credits and most other tax attributes generally will not pass through to shareholders. The Fund will be subject to U.S. federal corporate-level income tax on any undistributed income and gains. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, the Fund must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (which generally is the Fund’s net ordinary taxable income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction) for any taxable year.
The Fund’s qualification and taxation as a RIC depends upon the Fund’s ability to satisfy on a continuing basis, through actual, annual operating results, distribution, income and asset, and other requirements imposed under the Code. However, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to meet the complex and varied tests required to qualify as a RIC or to avoid corporate level tax. In addition, because the relevant laws may change, compliance with one or more of the RIC requirements may be impossible or impracticable.
A further discussion on the Fund’s tax status as a RIC is contained in the Prospectus.
PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROXY VOTING RECORD
The Board has delegated authority to vote all proxies related to the Fund’s portfolio securities to FAM, the Fund’s investment manager. FAM, an investment adviser registered under the Advisers Act, maintains discretionary authority over client accounts, including the Fund, and is responsible for voting proxies of all foreign and domestic securities held in the Fund. FAM views the responsibility its clients have entrusted to it seriously and has adopted and implemented written policies and procedures designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interests of its clients.
FAM receives and considers the recommendations of Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (“ISS”), a leading proxy voting service provider and registered investment adviser. ISS issues voting recommendations and casts votes on the proxies based on pre-determined proxy voting guidelines intended to vote proxies in the clients’ best interests, which are summarized in Appendix A to the SAI. Currently FAM has instructed ISS to base its recommendations on ISS’ Socially Responsible Investment Proxy Voting Guidelines. FAM has a process in place to override ISS’ voting recommendations.
If a country’s laws allow a company to block the sale of shares in advance of a shareholder meeting, FAM will generally not vote in the shareholder meetings held in that country, unless the company represents that it will not block the sale of its shares in connection with the meeting. Although FAM considers proxy voting to be an important shareholder right, FAM will generally not impede its ability to trade in a stock in order to vote at a shareholder meeting.
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If a company will not block the sale of its shares in connection with the meeting, FAM will follow its proxy voting policies and procedures.
To the extent ISS has a material conflict of interest with the company whose proxies are at issue, ISS may recuse itself from voting proxies. FAM monitors ISS’ proxy voting policies and procedures on a quarterly basis to ensure that the proxies are voted in the best interests of the Fund. Further, FAM has a process in place for making voting determinations in the event of a conflict of interest.
FAM maintains records of its proxy voting policies and procedures. FAM or ISS, on FAM’s behalf, maintains records of proxy statements received regarding securities held by the Fund; records of votes cast on behalf of the Fund; records of requests for proxy voting information; and documents prepared by FAM that were material to making a voting decision.
No later than August 31st each year, the Fund’s proxy voting record for the most recent 12 months ended June 30th will be available upon request by calling (800) 992-3863 and on the Fund’s website and on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
A person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such company is presumed to “control” the company. To the knowledge of the Fund and except as noted below, as of April 1, 2026, no persons were deemed to control the Fund.
Alger Capital, LLC has provided an initial investment in the Fund. For so long as Alger Capital, LLC has a greater than 25% interest in the Fund, Alger Capital, LLC may be deemed be a “control person” of the Fund for purposes of the 1940 Act.
As of April 1, 2026, the Fund had not commenced operations, and, therefore, the officers and trustees of the Fund as a group beneficially owned no shares of the Fund.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP, located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10112, is the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and audits the Fund’s financial statements and performs other audit related services.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Kirkland & Ellis LLP, 601 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is counsel to the Fund.
Certain legal matters in connection with the Shares have been passed upon for the Fund by Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A registration statement on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to the Shares offered hereby, has been filed by the Fund with the SEC. The Prospectus and this SAI do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, including any exhibits and schedules thereto. For further information with respect to the Fund and the Shares offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement. A copy of the registration statement may be reviewed on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Prospective investors can also request copies of these materials, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the SEC’s e-mail address (publicinfo@sec.gov).
39
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
Table of Contents
| 41 | ||||
| 42 | ||||
| 43 | ||||
| 48 | ||||
40
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
Statement of Assets and Liabilities April 7, 2026
| ASSETS: |
||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 100,000 | ||||||
| Deferred offering costs (Note 2) |
174,536 | |||||||
| Due from Adviser (Note 2) |
288,864 | |||||||
| Total Assets |
563,400 | |||||||
| LIABILITIES |
||||||||
| Accrued offering costs (Note 2) |
174,536 | |||||||
| Accrued organizational expenses (Note 2) |
288,864 | |||||||
| Total Liabilities |
463,400 | |||||||
| NET ASSETS |
$ | 100,000 | ||||||
| NET ASSETS CONSIST OF: |
||||||||
| Paid in capital |
$ | 100,000 | ||||||
| NET ASSETS |
$ | 100,000 | ||||||
| NET ASSETS BY CLASS: |
||||||||
| Class A |
$ | 100,000 | ||||||
| SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST OUSTANDING – NOTE 1: |
||||||||
| Class A |
10,000 | |||||||
| NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE: |
||||||||
| Class A |
$ | 10.00 | ||||||
See Notes to Financial Statements.
41
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
Statement of Operations for the period from September 10, 2025 (date of inception) to April 7, 2026
| EXPENSES: |
||||||||
| Organizational expenses (Note 2) |
$ | 288,864 | ||||||
| Total Expenses |
288,864 | |||||||
| Less, expense reimbursement from Adviser (Note 3) |
(288,864 | ) | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations |
$ | — |
See Notes to Financial Statements
42
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 — General:
Alger Next Gen Growth Fund (the “Fund”) is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on September 10, 2025 and did not have any operations from that date until April 7, 2026, other than those relating to organizational matters and registration of its shares under applicable securities law.
Fred Alger Management, LLC (the “Adviser”) serves as the Fund’s investment adviser.
The Fund will offer on a continuous basis an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest and will operate as an “interval fund”, a type of fund which makes quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s Shares (see Note 4) at net asset value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares.
The Fund intends to offer two separate classes of Shares, designated as Class A (“Class A Shares”) and Class Z (“Class Z Shares”, and together with Class A Shares, “Shares”) on a continuous basis at NAV per Share plus any applicable sales loads. Class A Shares may be subject to a sales load of up to 5.25% of the investment amount. An affiliate of the Adviser initially capitalized Class A Shares of the Fund on March 31, 2026 at $10.00 per share. The sales charge was waived in the initial funding for Class A Shares. The Fund has not had any operations other than organizational matters and the sale and issuance of 10,000 Class A Shares at an aggregate purchase price of $100,000.
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in growth companies that are relevant to the Fund’s investment theme of innovation and Positive Dynamic Change (“Next Gen Growth Companies“). The Fund intends to invest in both publicly-offered and privately-offered securities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund expects to invest 20% to 80% of its assets (other than cash and cash-related instruments) in private securities of Next Gen Growth Companies and the remainder of its assets in publicly-traded securities of Next Gen Growth Companies.
NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies:
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies used in preparing the financial statements. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Fund is an investment company and accordingly follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance
43
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946 – “Financial Services – Investment Companies”.
(a) Estimates: These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which require using estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts therein. Actual results may differ from those estimates. All such estimates are of a normal recurring nature.
(b) Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include U.S. dollars and overnight time deposits.
(c) Organizational and Initial Offering Costs: Organizational costs are expensed as incurred. Offering costs incurred by the Fund are treated as deferred costs until operations commence and thereafter will be amortized into expense over a 12 month period using the straight-line method.
For the period from September 10, 2025 (date of inception) to April 7, 2026, the Fund incurred $288,864 in organizational costs and $174,536 in deferred offering costs. As of April 7, 2026, all costs incurred by the Fund in connection with its offering and organization are payable by the Adviser on behalf of the Fund once the Fund commences investment operations. Such expenses paid by the Adviser are subject to recoupment by the Adviser for the next two years under the Expense Limitation Agreement (defined below), subject to the Expense Cap (defined below), and other terms of the Expense Limitation Agreement described below. The Adviser has agreed to advance organizational and offering expenses on behalf of the Fund (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the Fund’s organization) through the commencement of operations.
NOTE 3 — Investment Advisory Fees and Other Transactions with Affiliates:
(a) Investment Advisory Fees: Under the terms of the Fund’s investment management agreement between the Adviser and the Fund (the “Investment Management Agreement”), the Adviser maintains overall responsibility for the oversight and management of the Fund’s business and activities. The Investment Management Agreement has an initial term of two years and continues in effect from year to year if its continuation is approved annually by the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”). In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Adviser to the Fund, the Fund pays the Adviser a fee which is calculated daily and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets (the “Management Fee”).
Pursuant to an expense limitation agreement between the Fund and the Adviser (the “Expense Limitation Agreement”), the Adviser has agreed to waive fees that it would otherwise be paid, and/or to assume expenses of the Fund, if required to ensure that annual operating expenses (excluding (i) Management Fees; (ii)
44
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
distribution fees; (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) dividend expense on short sales; (v) net borrowing costs; (vi) interest; (vii) taxes; (viii) brokerage expenses; (ix) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the discretion of the Board); and proxy expenses (except for such proxies related to: (a) changes or approval of an investment management agreement for the Fund, (b) the election to the Board of any trustee who is an “interested person” of the Fund, or (c) any other matters that directly benefit, or relate directly to the operations of, the Adviser or its affiliates, which expenses shall be borne exclusively by the Adviser)) do not exceed 1.25% per annum of the average daily net assets of each class of Shares.
With respect to each class of Shares, the Fund agrees to repay the Adviser any fees waived under the Expense Limitation Agreement or any expenses the Adviser reimburses in excess of the Expense Limitation Agreement for such class of Shares, provided the repayments do not cause annual operating expenses for that class of Shares to exceed the expense limitation in place at the time the fees were waived and/or the expenses were reimbursed, or the expense limitation in place at the time the Fund repays the Adviser, whichever is lower. Any such repayments must be made within two years after the date on which the Adviser incurred the expense. The Adviser has agreed to voluntarily waive its Management Fee for the six-month period from the commencement of the Fund’s operations. The Management Fee waived by the Adviser during this six-month period is not subject to recoupment by the Manager under the Expense Limitation Agreement. The Expense Limitation Agreement has a term ending on May 31, 2027, and the Adviser may extend the term for a period of one year on an annual basis, subject to the approval of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees (each trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act). Organizational and certain initial operating expenses incurred prior to the commencement of the Fund’s operations and reimbursed by the Adviser are included as reimbursable expenses under the Expense Limitation Agreement, subject to the same two-year recoupment period.
As of April 7, 2026, all expenses such as organizational and offering costs, have been paid by the Adviser.
(b) Other Transactions with Affiliates: Certain officers and one Trustee of the Fund are directors and/or officers of Alger Management, the Distributor, or their affiliates.
NOTE 4 — Repurchase of Shares:
The Fund is required to make repurchase offers quarterly. Quarterly repurchase offers are expected to occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase in connection with any given repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline (as defined below). The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares
45
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. Each repurchase offer will commence at least 21 and not more than 42 calendar days prior to each repurchase request deadline (i.e., the date by which shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). Even though the Fund makes quarterly repurchase offers, investors should consider the Fund’s Shares illiquid.
In the event a repurchase offer by the Fund is oversubscribed, the Fund may repurchase, but is not required to repurchase, additional Shares up to a maximum amount of 2% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines not to repurchase additional shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders submit for repurchase an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to repurchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares submitted for repurchase on a pro rata basis.
The beneficial ownership, either directly or indirectly, of more than 25% of the voting securities of a fund creates a presumption of control of the fund under Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act. As of the date of these financial statements, Alger Capital, LLC owned 100% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund.
NOTE 5 — Income Tax Information:
The Fund intends to elect to be treated, and to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify thereafter, as a “regulated investment company” under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company, the Fund will not pay any corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on its taxable net investment income (that is, taxable income other than net realized capital gains) and its net realized capital gains that are distributed to shareholders.
NOTE 6 — Fair Value Measurements:
The Fund’s assets and liabilities are held at carrying amount or face value, which approximates fair value for financial statements purposes. As of April 7, 2026, such assets were categorized within the Accounting Standards Codification 820 – Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures hierarchy as Level 1.
NOTE 7 — Administrator, Custodian and Transfer Agent:
The Fund has engaged The Bank of New York as administrator and custodian, and UMB Fund Services, Inc. as transfer agent.
46
ALGER NEXT GEN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
NOTE 8 — Subsequent Events:
The Fund’s management has evaluated events that have occurred subsequent to April 7, 2026 through the issuance date of these financial statements. No such events have been identified which require recognition and/or disclosure.
47
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Alger Next Gen Growth Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Alger Next Gen Growth Fund (the “Fund”) as of April 7, 2026, the related statement of operations for the period from September 10, 2025 (date of inception) through April 7, 2026, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of April 7, 2026, and the results of its operations for the period from September 10, 2025 (date of inception) through April 7, 2026 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
April 10, 2026
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies within the Alger group of investment companies since 2009.
48
APPENDIX A: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF SRI PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES
Introduction
ISS’ Social Advisory Services division recognizes that socially responsible investors have dual objectives: financial and social. Socially responsible investors invest for economic gain, as do all investors, but they also require that the companies in which they invest conduct their business in a socially and environmentally responsible manner.
These dual objectives carry through to socially responsible investors’ proxy voting activity once the security selection process is completed. In voting their shares, socially responsible shareholders are concerned not only with sustainable economic returns to shareholders and good corporate governance but also with the ethical behavior of corporations and the social and environmental impact of their actions.
Social Advisory Services has, therefore, developed proxy voting guidelines that are consistent with the dual objectives of socially responsible shareholders. On matters of social and environmental import, the guidelines seek to reflect a broad consensus of the socially responsible investing community. Generally, Social Advisory Services takes as its frame of reference policies that have been developed by groups such as the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility, the General Board of Pension and Health Benefits of the United Methodist Church, Domini Social Investments, and other leading church shareholders and socially responsible mutual fund companies. Additionally, Social Advisory Services incorporates the active ownership and investment philosophies of leading globally recognized initiatives such as the United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI), the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI), the United Nations Global Compact, and environmental and social European Union Directives.
On matters of corporate governance, executive compensation, and corporate structure, Social Advisory Services guidelines are based on a commitment to create and preserve economic value and to advance principles of good corporate governance consistent with responsibilities to society as a whole. The guidelines provide an overview of how Social Advisory Services recommends that its clients vote. There may be cases in which the final vote recommendation on a particular company varies from the vote guideline due to the fact that Social Advisory Services closely examines the merits of each proposal and considers relevant information and company-specific circumstances in arriving at Social Advisory Services’ recommendations. ISS follows FAM’s proxy voting policies and procedures when voting proxies of securities held by the Fund, which may differ in some cases from the policies outlined in this document. Social Advisory Services updates its guidelines on an annual basis to take into account emerging issues and trends on environmental, social, and corporate governance topics, in addition to evolving market standards, regulatory changes, and client feedback.
Management Proposals
Board of Directors
Social Advisory Services considers director elections to be one of the most important voting decisions that shareholders make. Boards should be composed of a majority of independent directors and key board committees should be composed entirely of independent directors. The independent directors are expected to organize much of the board’s work, even if the chief executive officer also serves as chairman of the board. It is expected that boards will engage in critical self-evaluation of themselves and of individual members. Directors are ultimately responsible to the corporation’s shareholders. The most direct expression of this responsibility is the requirement that directors be elected to their positions by the shareholders.
Social Advisory Services will generally oppose all director nominees if the board is not majority independent and will vote against or withhold from non-independent directors who sit on key board committees. Social Advisory Services will also vote against or withhold from incumbent members of the nominating committee, or other directors on a case-by-case basis, where the board is not comprised of at least 40% underrepresented gender identities (which include directors who identify as women or as non-binary) or at least 20% racially or ethnically diverse directors. The election of directors who have failed to attend a minimum of 75% of board and committee meetings held during the year will be opposed. Furthermore, Social Advisory Services will vote against or withhold from a director nominee who serves on an excessive number of boards. A non-CEO director will be deemed “overboarded” if they sit on more than five
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public company boards while CEO directors will be considered as such if they serve on more than two public company boards besides their own.
In addition, Social Advisory Services will generally vote against or withhold from directors individually, committee members, or potentially the entire board, for failure to adequately guard against or manage ESG risks or for lack of sustainability reporting in the company’s public documents and/or website in conjunction with a failure to adequately manage or mitigate ESG risks. For companies that are significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters (defined as those on the current Climate Action 100+ Focus Group list), through their operations or value chain, Social Advisory Services will generally vote against or withhold from the incumbent chair of the responsible committee (or other directors on a case-by-case basis) in cases where Social Advisory Services determines that the company is not taking the minimum steps needed to be aligned with a Net Zero by 2050 trajectory.
Social Advisory Services supports requests asking for the separation of the positions of chairman and CEO, opposes the creation of classified boards, and reviews proposals to change board size on a case-by-case basis. Social Advisory Services also generally supports shareholder proposals calling for greater access to the board, affording shareholders the ability to nominate directors to corporate boards. Social Advisory Services may vote against or withhold from directors at companies where problematic pay practices exist, and where boards have not been accountable or responsive to their shareholders.
Board Responsiveness
Social Advisory Services will vote case-by-case on individual directors, committee members, or the entire board of directors as appropriate if the board fails to act on a shareholder proposal that received the support of a majority of the shares in the previous year. When evaluating board responsiveness issues, Social Advisory Services takes into account other factors, including the board’s failure to act on takeover offers where the majority of shares are tendered; if at the previous board election, any director received more than 50% withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote; or if the board implements an advisory vote on executive compensation on a less frequent basis than the frequency that received the plurality of votes cast.
Auditors
While it is recognized that the company is in the best position to evaluate the competence of the outside accountants, Social Advisory Services believes that outside accountants must ultimately be accountable to shareholders. Given the rash of accounting irregularities that were not detected by audit panels or auditors, shareholder ratification is an essential step in restoring investor confidence. A Blue Ribbon Commission concluded that audit committees must improve their current level of oversight of independent accountants. Social Advisory Services will vote against the ratification of the auditor in cases where non-audit fees represent more than 25% of the total fees paid to the auditor in the previous year. Social Advisory Services supports requests asking for the rotation of the audit firm, if the request includes a timetable of five years or more.
Takeover Defenses / Shareholder Rights
Topics evaluated in this category include shareholders’ ability to call a special meeting or act by written consent, the adoption or redemption of poison pills, unequal voting rights, fair price provisions, greenmail, supermajority vote requirements, and confidential voting.
Social Advisory Services will generally vote for management proposals allowing for the convening of shareholder meetings by electronic means, so long as they do not preclude in-person meetings. Companies are encouraged to disclose the circumstances under which virtual-only meetings would be held, and to allow for comparable rights and opportunities for shareholders to participate electronically as they would have during an in-person meeting.
Social Advisory Services generally opposes takeover defenses, as they limit shareholder value by eliminating the takeover or control premium for the company. As owners of the company, shareholders should be given the opportunity to decide on the merits of takeover offers. Further, takeover devices can be used to entrench a board that is unresponsive to shareholders on both governance and corporate social responsibility issues.
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Miscellaneous Governance Provisions
Social Advisory Services evaluates proposals that concern governance issues such as shareholder meeting adjournments, quorum requirements, corporate name changes, and bundled or conditional proposals on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the impact on shareholder rights.
Capital Structures
Capital structure related topics include requests for increases in authorized stock, stock splits and reverse stock splits, issuances of blank check preferred stock, debt restructurings, and share repurchase plans.
Social Advisory Services supports a one-share, one-vote policy and opposes mechanisms that skew voting rights. Social Advisory Services supports capital requests that provide companies with adequate financing flexibility while protecting shareholders from excessive dilution of their economic and voting interests. Proposals to increase common stock are evaluated on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the company’s prior or ongoing use of share authorizations and elements of the current request.
Executive and Director Compensation
The global financial crisis has resulted in significant erosion of shareholder value and highlighted the need for greater assurance that executive compensation is principally performance-based, fair, reasonable, and not designed in a manner that would incentivize excessive risk-taking by management. The crisis has raised questions about the role of pay incentives in influencing executive behavior and motivating inappropriate or excessive risk-taking and other unsustainable practices that could threaten a corporation’s long-term viability. The safety lapses that led to the disastrous explosions at BP’s Deepwater Horizon oil rig and Massey Energy’s Upper Big Branch mine, and the resulting unprecedented losses in shareholder value; a) underscore the importance of incorporating meaningful economic incentives around social and environmental considerations in compensation program design, and; b) exemplify the costly liabilities of failing to do so.
Social Advisory Services evaluates executive and director compensation by considering the presence of appropriate pay-for-performance alignment with long-term shareholder value, compensation arrangements that risk “pay for failure,” and an assessment of the clarity and comprehensiveness of compensation disclosures. Shareholder proposals calling for additional disclosure on compensation issues or the alignment of executive compensation with social or environmental performance criteria are supported, while shareholder proposals calling for other changes to a company’s compensation programs are reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
Dodd-Frank requires advisory shareholder votes on executive compensation (Say on Pay), an advisory vote on the frequency of say on pay, as well as a shareholder advisory vote on golden parachute compensation. Social Advisory Services will vote against Say on Pay proposals if there is a misalignment between CEO pay and company performance, the company maintains problematic pay practices, and the board exhibits a significant level of poor communication and responsiveness to shareholders.
Social Advisory Services will evaluate whether pay quantum is in alignment with company performance, and consideration will also be given to whether the proportion of performance-contingent pay elements is sufficient in light of concerns with a misalignment between executive pay and company performance.
Social Advisory Services will vote case-by-case on certain equity-based compensation plans depending on a combination of certain plan features and equity grant practices, where positive factors may counterbalance negative factors, and vice versa, as evaluated using an “equity plan scorecard” (EPSC) approach.
Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Mergers, acquisitions, spinoffs, reincorporations, and other corporate restructuring plans are evaluated on a case-by-case basis, given the potential for significant impact on shareholder value and on shareholders’ economic interests. In addition, these corporate actions can have a significant impact on community stakeholders and the workforce, and may affect the levels of employment, community lending, equal opportunity, and impact on the environment.
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Mutual Fund Proxies
There are a number of proposals that are specific to mutual fund proxies, including the election of trustees, investment advisory agreements, and distribution agreements. Social Advisory Services evaluates these proposals on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration recent trends and best practices at mutual funds.
Shareholder Proposals
Shareholder Proposals on Corporate Governance and Executive Compensation
Shareholder proposals topics include, among others, board-related issues, takeover defenses and shareholder rights, and executive and director compensation. Each year, shareholders file numerous proposals that address key issues regarding these topics. Social Advisory Services evaluates these proposals from the perspective that good corporate governance practices can have positive implications for a company and its ability to maximize shareholder value. Proposals that seek to improve a board’s accountability to its shareholders and other stakeholders are supported. Social Advisory Services supports initiatives that seek to strengthen the link between executive pay and performance, including performance elements related to corporate social responsibility.
Shareholder Proposals on Social and Environmental Topics
Shareholder resolutions on social and environmental topics include workplace diversity and safety topics, codes of conduct, labor standards and human rights, the environment and energy, weapons, consumer welfare, and public safety.
Socially responsible shareholder resolutions are receiving a great deal more attention from institutional shareholders today than they have in the past. In addition to the moral and ethical considerations intrinsic to many of these proposals, there is a growing recognition of their potential impact on the economic performance of the company. Among the reasons for this change are:
| • | The number and variety of shareholder resolutions on social and environmental issues has increased; |
| • | Many of the sponsors and supporters of these resolutions are large institutional shareholders with significant holdings, and therefore, greater direct influence on the outcomes; |
| • | The proposals are more sophisticated – better written, more focused, and more sensitive to the feasibility of implementation; and |
| • | Investors now understand that a company’s response to social and environmental issues can have serious economic consequences for the company and its shareholders. |
Social Advisory Services generally supports requests for additional disclosures that would allow shareholders to better assess the board and management’s oversight of risks in the company’s operations. Social Advisory Services will closely evaluate proposals that ask the company to cease certain actions that the proponent believes are harmful to society or some segment of society with special attention to the company’s legal and ethical obligations, its ability to remain profitable, and potential negative publicity if the company fails to honor the request. Social Advisory Services supports shareholder proposals that seek to improve a company’s public image or reduce its exposure to liabilities and risks.
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